神经递质在恐惧记忆去稳定和再巩固中的作用

• 作者： 李俊娇 ¹ 陈伟 ^2,3,4 李常红 ¹ 刘爱玲 ^2,3,4 郑希付 ^2,3,4
• 作者单位：
  1.  华南师范大学心理学院
  2.  华南师范大学心理应用研究中心
  3.  广东第二师范学院教师教育学院
  4.  广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室
• 通讯作者： 郑希付  Email:zhengxifu@m.scnu.edu.cn
• 提交时间：2023-11-02

摘要: 记忆存储在神经细胞间突触连接的强度变化之中，而神经递质在调节神经元突触可塑性方面具有极为重要的作用。表达特定类型神经递质的神经元可以形成特定的神经递质系统，主要有胆碱能、多巴胺能、去甲肾上腺素能、5-羟色胺能和谷氨酸能系统等。多种类型记忆的去稳定(destabilization)过程的研究揭示，乙酰胆碱在包含新异性信息的记忆提取所引发记忆去稳定过程中发挥了重要作用；而高强度恐惧记忆之所以会抵抗记忆去稳定和再巩固，是因为在这类恐惧记忆编码过程中，去甲肾上腺素-蓝斑系统的激活导致的。其他的重要神经递质包括多巴胺、谷氨酸、-氨基丁酸和血清素等，也都在记忆的不同阶段对记忆可塑性产生影响。神经递质在恐惧记忆去稳定和再巩固中发挥了重要作用，但这种作用通常都不是独立产生的，而是交互作用、相互调节的，包括多巴胺-胆碱能交互、5-羟色胺-谷氨酸交互等。分子层面的神经递质的研究可以给恐惧记忆再巩固干预的研究提供很好的思路启示，未来应基于记忆去稳定的分子机制和神经递质的作用，继续探索恐惧记忆去稳定的关键因素和方法，以更好地改进基于记忆再巩固干预的对于创伤后应激障碍的临床治疗。

Abstract: Memory is stored in the strength changes of synaptic connections between neurons, and neurotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating synaptic plasticity. Neurons expressing specific types of neurotransmitters can form distinct neurotransmitter systems, including the dopaminergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic systems. Studies on the destabilization processes of various types of memories have revealed the important role of acetylcholine in memory destabilization triggered by the retrieval of novel associative information. The resistance of high-intensity fear memories to destabilization and reconsolidation is attributed to the activation of the noradrenergic-locus coeruleus system during the encoding process of such fear memories. Other important neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and serotonin, also exert influences on memory plasticity at different stages of memory formation. Neurotransmitters play significant roles in fear memory destabilization and reconsolidation, but these effects are typically not independent; rather, they involve interactions and mutual regulation, such as dopamine-cholinergic interactions and serotonin-glutamate interactions. Furthermore, this summary elaborates on the roles of the aforementioned neurotransmitters in memory reconsolidation and their interactions. The study of neurotransmitters at the molecular level can provide valuable insights for the investigation of interventions targeting fear memory reconsolidation. In the future, research should continue to explore the key factors and methods underlying fear memory destabilization based on the molecular mechanisms of memory destabilization and the role of neurotransmitters, to improve the clinical treatment of PTSD based on the reconsolidation intervene.

• 来自： 李俊娇
• 分类： 心理学 >> 医学心理学
• 投稿状态： 已投稿期刊
• 引用： ChinaXiv:202311.00029 (或此版本 ChinaXiv:202311.00029V1)
  DOI:10.12074/202311.00029V1
  CSTR:32003.36.ChinaXiv.202311.00029.V1
• 推荐引用方式： 李俊娇,陈伟,李常红,刘爱玲,郑希付.(2023).神经递质在恐惧记忆去稳定和再巩固中的作用.中国心理学预印本平台.doi:10.12074/202311.00029V1 (点此复制)