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毕生发展视角下独处的适应功能:益处与代价的五轮比较

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Understanding the adjustment functions of solitude from a lifespan development perspective: A five-round comparison of benefits and costs

摘要: 独处是一种在真实和虚拟环境中个体与他人没有交流的状态。从童年期到老年期,独处在个体不同发展阶段带来不同的影响。关于独处的适应功能,以往研究者持不同的观点,或积极论或消极论,且有一种观点认为:独处同时具有益处与代价。鉴于研究者们对于独处的观点不一致,本研究从毕生发展的视角出发,对各个发展时期益处与代价的相关研究进行梳理,探讨其动态变化与发展,并提出了毕生发展视角下独处的益处与代价的比较模型。未来研究可以更多关注以个体为中心的研究,整合独处多维性,以毕生发展视角收集横纵向数据直接对比,丰富独处益处与代价的发展机制,结合文化背景理解独处的内涵,关注当代数字技术发展背景对于个体独处的影响,考察独处的认知神经机制,并思考独处在不同年龄段的实践意义。

Abstract: Solitude, a state of non-communication with others in a real or virtual environment, can have positive or negative effects on individuals across different stages of life, from childhood to old age. Previous studies have focused on the adjustment function of solitude, but have taken different views on it, either positive or negative. This study adopts a lifespan development perspective to explore the adjustment functions of solitude at different ages and to recognize that solitude has both benefits and costs. To further develop our understanding of solitude, future studies could: 1) Integrate the multi-dimensional and dynamic development of solitude from a personal-oriented perspective. 2) Collect large amounts of cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a lifespan perspective. 3) Interpret the development process of solitude based on cultural background. 4) Examine the impact of contemporary digital technology on the individual experience of solitude. 5) Explore the cognitive neural mechanisms of solitude. 6) Consider the practical implications of solitude at different developmental stages.

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[V2] 2023-11-09 08:10:44 ChinaXiv:202311.00063V2 下载全文
[V1] 2023-11-07 21:14:41 ChinaXiv:202311.00063v1 查看此版本 下载全文
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  • 运营单位: 中国科学院文献情报中心
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