分类： 心理学 >> 医学心理学 提交时间： 2023-09-08
摘要：在传统的生物医学模型的引领下，多数将孤独症社交沟通问题归咎于其自身的不足，而双重共情问题（double empathy problem）是以社会沟通本质的双向性为基点，认为孤独症难以融入社会环境不仅由于其自身无法理解典型发展人群，典型发展人群亦难以理解孤独症，由于双方之间感知和理解的不匹配，信息的双向脱节，从而导致双方的互动困难。一系列相关研究证实双重共情问题的存在，其内部机制包括行为表达方式的不同和污名化现象，可通过共同阅读模式、同伴支持和人际同步性方式进行干预。未来研究需关注更多年龄层面的孤独症间社交沟通情况，研究评估需考虑孤独症特殊的共情表达，深入研究双方互动过程，并鼓励扩展更多有效的干预方法。
分类： 心理学 >> 认知心理学 提交时间： 2023-09-08
摘要：Response latency (RT) is a crucial measure in studying human behavior, representing the time between the onset of a stimulus or task and the subject's response. The different time bases among visual stimulus generation devices and response collection devices introduces errors in RT measurements. These errors can be mitigated through the serial port synchronization signals, but limited information is available regarding their accuracy. This study aims to investigate methods for reducing the time errors to achieve accurate RT measurements. PsychToolbox generated visual stimuli and serial port synchronization signals, for comparison their timing. The findings revealed the following: Firstly, the serial synchronization signal presenting precedes visual stimulation, with a smaller lead time observed at higher refresh rates. Secondly, the lead time increases as the stimulus position deviates further to the right and downwards. Additionally, in Linux and IOPort(), serial port synchronization signals exhibited greater accuracy. Considering the inherent poor timing accuracy and the multiple influencing factors associated with serial port synchronization signals, it is recommended to employ light signal measuring the RT. However, differences in position between the light signal and visual stimuli introduce errors. To address this issue, a calibration formula was proposed and verified in this study. The results indicate that under the darkening process, the mean value of the time error is about -0.1ms. This accuracy enables precise calculation of the visual stimulus presentation moment, thereby obtaining accurate RT. This study offers valuable insights for optimizing experimental design and improving the accuracy of RT measurements.
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