Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Implicit emotion regulation has become a hotspot of emotion regulation research recently. However, currently there is no standardized emotion regulation word system for researchers in the field of implicit emotion regulation. The purpose of this study is to establish a Chinese Emotion Regulation Word System (CERWS) by multi-dimensional ratings and analysis of emotional regulation words, and then to verify the effectiveness of the system by experiments.In Study 1, two hundred and twenty-six emotion regulation words (N = 226) were selected as preliminary materials by group discussion. Among them, 176 were judged as emotion regulation words that corresponded to five commonly used strategies (acceptance, distraction, venting, suppression and reappraisal) and 50 as neutral words. One hundred and twenty-eight participants (N = 128) rated the representativeness of words on five emotion regulation strategies. To ensure that the selected words are not mixed in strategic meanings, the words that exclusively represent one regulatory strategy or neutral meanings were selected into CERWS as emotion regulation words or neutral words, respectively. The words of CERWS were further rated by participants on the dimensions of valence, arousal, dominance, motivational tendency, familiarity and spelling complexity (N = 128). Thirty participants were randomly selected and retested one month later (N = 30). In Study 2, the emotion regulation effect of words in CERWS was further investigated. The regulatory effect of 5 strategies of CERWS on negative emotion was tested using a typical implicit emotion regulation paradigm (sentence unscrambling task). One hundred and ninety-six participants (N = 196) were involved in Study 2, who were divided into six groups (five implicit emotion regulation groups and one control group). Before viewing neutral and disgust pictures, the participants in implicit emotion regulation groups were required to complete the sentence unscrambling tasks to prime the emotion regulation strategy, while the participants in the control group were required to complete the sentence unscrambling task that was unrelated to emotion regulation. The CERWS was established in Study 1. One hundred and forty-nine emotion regulation words (N = 149) were selected into 6 groups (acceptance, distraction, venting, suppression, reappraisal and neutral) of CERWS. Comparing the attributes of emotion regulation words with those of neutral words, we found that five emotion regulation strategies had different affective connotation. For example, acceptance strategy was characterized by high pleasure, high dominance, high approach tendency and low arousal. In terms of gender differences, males were more pleasant with the words of distraction strategy, while females were more familiar with the words of acceptance strategy. The test-retest reliability was more than 0.7 after one month. The Cronbach’s α coefficients and Kendall’s coefficients of concordance of CERWS fit with relevant criteria. Moreover, results of Study 2 showed that implicit reappraisal and implicit suppression strategies decreased the emotional valence and arousal ratings significantly, and implicit distraction strategy decreased the emotional arousal ratings significantly.In conclusion, this study has established a standardized emotion regulation words system with good reliability. Moreover, this study has verified the regulatory effect of implicit reappraisal, suppression and distraction strategies on negative emotions, which provides a reference for the future use of the system.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-08-28
Abstract： The noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique has been a crucial method for brain imaging research. However, the divergence existing in the plethora of datasets acquired in the labs around the world limited the rate of progress of brain research. To address this issue, international brain scientists jointly proposed a framework named with the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) for organizing and describing neuroimaging data, and developed BIDS APPs for analyzing neuroimaging data organized in compliance with the BIDS. The present paper briefly introduced BIDS and the fMRI processing pipeline with BIDS APPs. Moreover, we discussed how to reasonably integrate the preprocessing pipeline with BIDS APPs (MRIQC and fmriprep) and the following statistical analysis. Specifically, we suggested that brain researchers should first organize their fMRI data in keeping with BIDS, and then use MRIQC APP to do automated quality control for both anatomical and functional MRI data organized in compliance with the BIDS. After eliminating the “bad data” (e.g., FD>0.2 mm), fmriprep can then be used to preprocess the “good data.” The fmriprep APP introduced two new preprocessing methods (ComCor and ICA-AROMA), which have been suggested to be effective in increasing sensitivity to group-level activation. However, it should be noted that the choice of fmriprep preprocessing methods determine which regressors should be included in the following individual general linear model (GLM). If only ComCor method was used, both the head motion related-noise (6 motion parameters) and cardiac and respiratory related-noise should be used as nuisance regressors in the following GLM analysis. If both ComCor and ICA-AROMA method were used, only regress cardiac and respiratory related-noise but not the head motion related-noise should be included in the following GLM analysis. This is because that ICA-AROMA method has removed the noise related to head motion in the preprocessed data, whereas ComCor did not. Therefore, regressing out motion-related variables in the GLM may reintroduce motion artifacts. We suggest that in the face of the emerging BIDS and BIDS APPs, brain researchers need to concern how to combine it with the traditional statistical software optimistically in order to attain a better statistical power.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-05-24
Abstract： Cognitive automaticity is an inevitable road for human learning and improving. The traditional dichotomy view classifies cognitive processes intro controlled or automatic processes according to certain features of cognitive processes (e.g., unconsciousness). However, these features are not universal but up to the experimental paradigms used by researchers. New viewpoints based on the attentional resources theory were developed, taking the controlled-automatic process as a continuous dimension and regarding decreases of attentional resources as the central feature of the development of automaticity. Compared with dichotomy, the gradual view accords better with empirical findings. Further, the gradual view can be applied in both cognitive information processing and the stages model of skill acquisition theory, which confirmed the universality of gradual view.
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