The causes of eye effect instability: Subjective and objective factors and psychological related mechanisms

Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-11-27

LEI Heya HUANG Wenxin CHEN Weicong HONG Jinzhu ZHENG Yan HUANG Liang

Abstract： The eye effect refers to the significant changes in people’s behavior when presented with direct eye cues. Previous research has found that eye cues have several positive effects, such as increasing people’s prosocial behavior, reducing antisocial behavior, and increasing self-awareness. However, these effects are often unstable. Factors that lead to the instability of the eye effect include physiological characteristics of the eyes, emotional type, presentation time, direction of gaze, form of task interaction, number of people around, noise in the vicinity, individual self-awareness, group identity, and behavioral costs. The principles behind it can be summarized as reputation mechanism and rule mechanism. Explaining the reasons for the instability of the eye effect based on the influencing factors and psychological mechanisms perspectives can provide theoretical insights into its ability to produce stable benefits. Future research could further refine the types of eye cues to expand the scope of the study, incorporate cognitive neuroscience techniques to explore the neural mechanisms involved, conduct longitudinal comparisons at different developmental stages of individuals, and conduct field studies to improve the ecological validity of the research in this area.The eye effect refers to the significant changes in people’s behavior when presented with direct eye cues. Previous research has found that eye cues have several positive effects, such as increasing people’s prosocial behavior, reducing antisocial behavior, and increasing self-awareness. However, these effects are often unstable. Factors that lead to the instability of the eye effect include physiological characteristics of the eyes, emotional type, presentation time, direction of gaze, form of task interaction, number of people around, noise in the vicinity, individual self-awareness, group identity, and behavioral costs. The principles behind it can be summarized as reputation mechanism and rule mechanism. Explaining the reasons for the instability of the eye effect based on the influencing factors and psychological mechanisms perspectives can provide theoretical insights into its ability to produce stable benefits. Future research could further refine the types of eye cues to expand the scope of the study, incorporate cognitive neuroscience techniques to explore the neural mechanisms involved, conduct longitudinal comparisons at different developmental stages of individuals, and conduct field studies to improve the ecological validity of the research in this area.

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