分类: 心理学 >> 应用心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 预防医学与公共卫生学 提交时间: 2024-03-17
摘要: 接种HPV疫苗是预防和治疗宫颈癌的有效途径,然而我国疫苗接种情况并不乐观,许多年轻人对于接种HPV疫苗犹豫不决。研究表明,信息说服是提高疫苗接种率的有效手段。本研究将聚焦说服信息内容,探究影响因素和个体人格特征之间的关系。为此,我们通过在线招募284名被试进行问卷调查,并使用方差分析对数据进行分析。结果表明,包含不同影响因素信息的说服效果存在显著差异,选择更有效的影响因素对产生促疫苗接种的说服效果是必要的,并且个体的大五人格特征会对信息的说服效果产生明显的影响。本研究可为疫苗接种推广提供科学依据和指导,对于促进公共健康具有重要的理论和实践价值。
分类: 心理学 >> 心理测量 分类: 心理学 >> 临床与咨询心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 临床医学 提交时间: 2024-03-12
摘要: Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the Chinese Short Version of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-CSV), addressing the need for culturally appropriate diagnostic tools for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the Chinese adult population.Methods: Utilizing a combination of intergroup difference analysis, factor analysis, and network analysis, we identified core ADHD symptoms pertinent to the Chinese cultural context. The study involved two samples: a vocational and technical school sample (N=1144) and an internet sample (N=1654), comprising adults aged 16-25 years. Reliability, validity, and diagnostic efficacy of the ASRS-CSV were assessed through psychometric testing.Results: The ASRS-CSV demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.9) and robust convergent validity (AVE > 0.7). The scale’s diagnostic cutoff points were optimized, revealing high sensitivity and specificity for ADHD screening. Cross-cultural analysis highlighted differences in core ADHD symptoms between Chinese and Western populations, underscoring the scale’s cultural sensitivity.Conclusion: The ASRS-CSV is a reliable, valid, and efficient tool for screening ADHD in Chinese adults, reflecting the socio-cultural nuances of ADHD symptomatology. Its development marks a significant advancement in the field of psychiatry, offering a tailored approach for ADHD assessment in China and contributing to the global discourse on cross-cultural psychiatric diagnosis.
分类: 心理学 >> 认知心理学 分类: 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 分类: 医学、药学 >> 基础医学 提交时间: 2024-01-21
摘要: The non-exclusive dual-process working model proposed in De Neys article effectively makes up for the shortcomings of the existing theories and models, but the explanation of the switching problem and the exclusivity problem in this article cannot constitute a complete rejection of the existing switching mechanism and the traditional fast-slow dual-process model. We believe that a more powerful and logical way of explaining the theory is as follows: human reasoning process is related to the complexity of the problem being faced, and it is also closely related to the reading process of the problem; in the process of reading the problem, the brain will automatically choose different ways of reasoning for the problem of different levels of complexity; and in the process of selection, the principle of minimum energy should still be valid.
分类: 心理学 >> 心理学其他学科 分类: 医学、药学 >> 中医学与中药学 提交时间: 2023-05-29
摘要: Objective:In order to consolidate the level of peoples spiritual cultivation in China, experts of philosophy of mindand TCM in the Ming Dynasty in Lingnan area were interviewed with a self-made interview outline to investigate the extended characteristics of spiritual cultivation in the form of interviews and online voice interviews, in order to make preliminary preparations for the development of the scale of mental cultivation accomplishment. Methods: In LingNan region of Ming dynasty study experts and TCM experts (a total of 8) as the interview consulting object, using the homemade interview outline, to interview and online voice interview, the study of mental characteristics, and adopt the qualitative analysis software Nvivo20 to analyze the interview manu
分类: 心理学 >> 心理测量 分类: 心理学 >> 应用心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 预防医学与公共卫生学 提交时间: 2022-12-06
摘要: 目的 简化健康素养量表并在中国人群中进行心理测量学检验。 方法 纳入居民7449人进行量表的测评,并将数据随机生成2个数据集,分别进行描述性分析、验证性因子分析,应用经典测量理论(CTT)以及项目反应理论(IRT)中的Mokken模型进行条目筛选,并对精简后的量表进行信效度等的验证性分析。 结果 使用经典测量理论和Mokken模型分别简化出一个9条目版本的量表(HLS-SF9)和一个4条目版本的量表(HLS-SF4)。简化后的健康素养量表HLS-SF9与HLS-SF4均无天花板效应、地板效应,二者的Cronbachs 系数为0.913和0.842,HLS-SF4经探索性因素分析(EFA)检验出一个公因子,HLS-SF9经验证性因素分析(CFA)结果显示其三维模型的各适配指标均优秀,以领悟社会支持量表与家庭健康量表为校标量表,HLS-SF9与HLS-SF4均有显著的正相关(r=0.367, pr=0.292, pr=0.340, pr=0.266, p 结论 简化后的健康素养量表具有良好的信效度,是快速测评中国人群健康素养的可靠且有效工具。
分类: 医学、药学 >> 中医学与中药学 分类: 心理学 >> 社会心理学 提交时间: 2022-07-30
摘要: 目的:通过整理分析现有已发表的中医生命质量评估工具现状,以期为研究者选择合适中医生命质量评估工具提供参考,为研制完善中医生命质量评估工具提供借鉴和依据。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普建库以来的中医生命质量评估工具,并对检索结果进行梳理和统计。结果:共检索到中医生命质量评估工具57个,各评估工具研制时间从2015至2019年不等,条目数多分布在30至60条,有51个评估工具经过信度检测信度较好,以生理维度、心理维度、社会维度和生活维度为主。局限:由于部分评估工具开发时间较晚,其应用效果有待进一步研究。结论:不同中医生命质量评估工具的维度和条目划分依据不同,研制中医生命质量评估工具应更注重标准评价。
分类: 心理学 >> 临床与咨询心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 预防医学与公共卫生学 提交时间: 2020-02-29
摘要: We noticed an unusual increase of first-time patients with schizophrenia (F20) in January 2020 since the outbreak of COVID-19. The aim of this retrospective study is to validate this observation and find potential risk factors, if applicable. A total number of 13,783 records from outpatients in January 2020 were investigated thoroughly. Comparisons between incidence of schizophrenia in outpatients in January 2020 and similar periods of 2017-2019 were made to minimize seasonal influence. Relationship of incidence of schizophrenia and COVID-19 infections in China was calculated. Limited personal information (age, gender, approximate residence) was analyzed to find risk factors.After excluding seasonal factors such as Spring festival, a positive relationship between incidence of schizophrenia in first-time patients and countrywide epidemic situation was found. Statistical results further showed a significant increase of median age from 39 to 50 for first-time patients diagnosed with schizophrenia which is unusual. Meanwhile, a slight but not significant change was found in distribution of gender and approximate residence (urban/suburb). Our data supported that COVID-19 outbreak increased risk of schizophrenia in aged adults which is consistent with the fact that COVID-19 is more lethal to elders. We strongly appeal that public healthcare in countries either with or without infected patients should prepare in advance for potential risks in public mental health.
分类: 心理学 >> 医学心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 基础医学 提交时间: 2020-02-19
摘要: 目的:调查在COVID-19疫情发展至中期状态下全国不同地区居民心理状态。方法:对全国不同地区3340位居民进行了抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS)、社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rate Scale, SSRS)及疾病认知调查与分析。结果:抑郁(40.89±10.901)和焦虑(38.35±8.298)平均分与常模比较轻度升高(P < 0.05),但无临床意义(抑郁评分>53;焦虑评分>50),湖北地区群众与非鄂地区相比,抑郁和焦虑得分未见明显差异。SSRS评分各组平均分均>30分,但低龄组小于高龄组(P < 0.05)。疾病认知评分,医学组高于非医学组,低龄组高于高龄组(P < 0.05)。相关性分析结果提示认知与焦虑和抑郁评分呈负相关(P < 0.05)。结论:在党和人民政府的领导下,抗“疫”战争已经取得了阶段性的胜利,广大人民群众,特别是湖北地区居民的焦虑和抑郁情绪得到了一定程度的缓解,但仍较非疫情期间略有升高。社会群众,特别是老年群众对疾病认知还相对不足,需要社区及医务人员进一步进行普及,充分认识疾病可能是消除焦虑和抑郁的有效手段。