Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： With the criticism by behavioral economics on the rational man assumption and the accumulation of empirical evidences in the field of judgement and decision making, public policy researchers increasingly paying closer attention to the exploration of psychological and behavioral mechanism of human being in real life. These studies tend to use psychological measures, such as satisfaction and trust indicators that embody public interests and subjective feelings, to assess the performance of public policy. Besides, relevant psychological effects and technologies are employed to improve quality and efficiency of public administration and foster social fairness and justice. It is recommended that studies of public policy in China should learn the experience of two matured organizations, which are Behavioral Insights Team in UK and Social and Behavioral Sciences Team in US, clarify the connotations of this discipline, establish think tanks, and conduct researches based on China’s actual conditions.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Warmth and competence provide universal frameworks for analyzing social cognition. They were found to be central to context-driven evaluations of individuals and groups. Consequently, one of the critical questions regarding social cognition is the relationship between these two dimensions and social factors. From a functional perspective, many physiological cues were also thought to reflect the primary concern of the social perceiver in gathering information about someone’s warmth and competence. For example, facial cues were derived from their traits and expression; vocal cues from pitch, intonation, rate, fundamental frequency, and their changes; and body cues from the in-out effect, powerful gesture, vertical motion, and temperature. Individuals attributed the information on these cues to warmth and competence, aiming to assess others’ intentions and ability to enact them. Further, they simultaneously try to follow stereotypes and specific psychological conditions.Individuals bring physiological cues into their physical perception and information about warmth and competence in social cognition. Notably, there might be two ways to connect the physical and social domains: correspondence or priming. The correspondence hypothesis between physical perception and social cognition emphasizes the existence of a matching basis, including the same brain regions, social categorization and social concept as mediation, associated memory between non-human subjects and social cognition, and conceptual networks extending the correspondence boundary. The priming hypothesis emphasizes that warmth and competence are the basic dimensions through which individuals interpret all information, including physiological cues. Individuals constantly try to understand the world through specific dimensions, which can be primed by any stimulus from an abundance of physical or social information. Warmth and competence also work similarly, where information about humans, organizations, objects, and artificial intelligence play the role of stimulus. Notably, facial sensory information is essential for classifying warmth and competence. During this priming process, perceivers would translate all sensory information into a coherent understanding based on their own expectations without considering the consistency between the processing results and information content.Figuring out the relationship between physical perception and social cognition helps understand how warmth and competence represent the fundamental dimensions of social evaluations and improve their flexibility to interpret myriad situations. First, the relationship between physical perception and social cognition might be so complex that it is necessary to describe which physiological cue of a particular context is drawn by perceivers to assess their own or others’ warmth and competence. Suppose there are multiple physiological cues strongly related to the evaluation of warmth and competence. In that case, this would change the evaluation outcome of warmth and competence efficiently and compendiously. Second, physiological cues are numerous, and each plays only a small role in determining the warmth and competence evaluation results. Therefore, the configuration of physiological cues, as a combination of conditions relevant to a given evaluation outcome of warmth and competence, might correspond significantly to the social cognition process from theoretical and ecological perspectives. The configuration model has two advantages. One is seeking out how various combinations of physiological cues efficiently explain individuals’ intention and action based on the real situation; another is ascertaining whether specific physiological cues have independent influence, including how it works. Finally, physiological cues are maneuverable in most situations and could be changed any time or anywhere. Based on this character of physiological cues and the relationship between physical perception and social cognition, exploring how factors in reality could change individuals’ evaluation outcome of warmth and competence would influence social bias.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2022-08-21
Abstract：
As a universal framework for analyzing and structuring impressions of humans and nonhuman actors and predicting kinds of interactions, warmth and competence are constantly being tapped into the relationship with various elements in real situations, making their instrumental role increasingly prominent. Compared to many factors with clearly social attributes, physiological cues from the face, regions, colors, voice pitch, body posture and temperature, etc., relate to warmth and competence which is based on the common foundations shared by both physiological and social cognition, or the path that physiological cues act as cues to prime perceivers’ impressions of warmth and competence. The relationship between physiological cues and social cognition could provide another illustration to show that warmth and competence organize peoples’ perceptions of situation details more flexibly. Applicability of warmth and competence will be enhanced more widely by establishing a configuration relationship with physiological cues, and the impact of this relationship on social bias.
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Awaiting Review
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