Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Languages may differ in the proximate units of phonological encoding in spoken word production. It has been demonstrated that syllables are proximate units of phonological encoding in Chinese speech production. Previous studies report that the θ band oscillations has been associated with syllables processing in language comprehension, however, it remains unknown what are the neural oscillations for syllables retrieval in speech production. The present study aims to investigate the neural oscillations of syllables retrieval at the stage of phonological encoding in Chinese spoken word production. We employed a masked priming paradigm and electrophysiological signals were recorded concurrently. In the task, participants were instructed to name pictures with disyllabic words which were preceded by briefly presented and masked prime words. Prime words were syllabically or phonemically related to the first syllable of targets or were unrelated, and the experimental design includes prime type (syllable vs. phoneme), relatedness (related vs. unrelated), and repetition (first vs. second). Behavioral data analysis showed a significant triple interaction among prime type, relatedness and repetition. In the first repetition, naming latencies were faster in syllabically related than unrelated condition, whereas latencies were longer in the phonemically related than unrelated condition. Time-frequency analysis also showed a significant interaction between prime type and relatedness in the time window of 300-600 ms after pictures onset. Specifically, theta band power was lower for syllabically related than unrelated while no significant differences between phonemically related and unrelated. Cluster based permutation test showed that, in the first repetition, syllabically related condition elicited lower θ band power than unrelated in the time window of 270-460 ms, while phoneme relatedness produced marginally higher θ band power than phoneme unrelatedness in the 340-390 ms time window. These effects were absent in the second repetition. In sum, we found that syllable priming effect was reflected by the decrease of θ oscillation in spoken word production in Chinese. Time-frequency analysis also revealed an early syllable priming effect, and a late phonemic inhibition effect in Chinese spoken word production, which provides evidence for the proximate units principle.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-06-16
Abstract： Languages may differ in the proximate units of phonological encoding in spoken word production. It has been demonstrated that syllables are proximate units of phonological encoding in Chinese speech production. Previous studies report that the θ band oscillations has been associated with syllables processing in language comprehension, however, it remains unknown what are the neural oscillations for syllables retrieval in speech production. The present study aims to investigate the neural oscillations of syllables retrieval at the stage of phonological encoding in Chinese spoken word production. We employed a masked priming paradigm and electrophysiological signals were recorded concurrently. In the task, participants were instructed to name pictures with disyllabic words which were preceded by briefly presented and masked prime words. Prime words were syllabically or phonemically related to the first syllable of targets or were unrelated, and the experimental design includes prime type (syllable overlapped vs. phoneme overlapped), relatedness (related vs. unrelated), and repetition (first vs. second). Behavioral data analysis showed a significant triple interaction among prime type, relatedness and repetition. In the first repetition, naming latencies were faster in syllabically related than unrelated condition, whereas latencies were longer in the phonemically related than unrelated condition. Time-frequency analysis also showed a significant triple interaction in the time window of 300~600 ms after pictures onset. Specifically, theta band power was lower for syllabically related than unrelated while no significant differences between phonemically related and related, in the first repetition. Cluster based permutation test showed that, in the first repetition, syllabically related condition elicited lower θ band power than unrelated in the time window of 270~460 ms, while phoneme relatedness produce marginally higher θ band power than phoneme unrelatedness in the 340~390 ms time window. These effects were absent in the second repetition. In sum, we found that syllable priming effect was reflected by the decrease of θ oscillation in spoken word production in Chinese. Time-frequency analysis also revealed an early syllable priming effect, and a late phonemic inhibition effect in Chinese spoken word production, which provides evidence for the proximate units principle. " "
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Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-01-02
Abstract： The final stage in the process of spoken production is articulation, which involves the integration of feedforward and feedback control in speech motor system. Specifically, feedforward control (top-down mechanism) refers to speakers’ ability to retrieve and execute the motor commands responsible for producing target speech sounds, while feedback control (bottom-up mechanism) refers to speakers’ ability to adjust speech movements based on the sensory feedback generated by articulation. Sensory goals and sensory predictions are important hubs linking feedforward and feedback control systems. Based on the neural computational model DIVA (directions into velocities of articulators), the cognitive and neural mechanisms of the integration between feedforward and feedback control are illustrated in the stage of speech acquisition and speech production. On the basis of previous studies, how speakers utilize auditory feedback to control online speech and update feedforward motor representations, and the cognitive significance of the P1-N1-P2 components in the ERP studies are especially discussed. Furthermore, various factors that influence feedforward and feedback control are summarized, including individual variabilities, training experience and task demands. Additionally, some suggestions are proposed for future investigation.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-08-19
Abstract： Two research perspectives exist concerning tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) in the field of spoken production, either cognition or metacognition. The perspective of cognition focuses mainly on the process of lexical access, assuming that TOT is the failure to activate or retrieve the information sufficiently. However, the perspective of metacognition focuses mainly on the metacognitive process in spoken production, assuming that it is speakers’ monitoring of the retrievable state of the target words that leads to the occurrence of TOT. The metacognitive process involved in TOT can not only monitor the retrievable state of the target words and the retrieval of relevant information during lexical access, but also exert control over the process of lexical access to make sure that the target words could be successfully retrieved after TOT occurrence. The evidence so far has suggested that cognitive and metacognitive perspectives are dissociative in respects of cognitive mechanism, influencing factors and neural basis. Further studies should investigate the mechanism and neural networks underlying how TOT monitors and controls the cognitive system in retrieving the target words, and address the properties of TOT occurring in Mandarin spoken production and the positive effect of TOT on aging of spoken production.
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