Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： As a style with Chinese cultural characteristics, paternalistic leadership has significant influences on multi-level creativity. Based on the previous empirical research, the paper not only examines direct relationships between paternalistic leadership, its dimensions and multi-level creativity, but also expounds their interactive effects, moderating effects and internal mechanisms. The paper develops a model of “mechanisms of paternalistic leadership’s effects on both employee and team creativity”, and proposes that the effect of paternalistic leadership on employee creativity is moderated by workplace situational and individual difference, also mediated by psychological cognition and social relationships, while its influence on team creativity is mediated by team cognition and team interaction. Future research should strive to expand the levels of research, enrich research methods, and further explore the mechanisms of paternalistic leadership on multi-level creativity from a cross-cultural perspective.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a personality disorder with pervasive disregard for and violation of the rights of others accompanied with high crime propensity. The formation of ASPD is affected by genetic and environmental factors, manifested in abnormalities in neurotransmitter and hormonal system, autonomic nervous system and brain structure and function. To a certain degree, these neurobiological characteristics may cause ASPD to exhibit poor inhibitory control, emotional dysfunction, disregard of punishment and reward dominance. Neurobiological evidence provides judicial implications, such as treatment, risk assessment, conviction and sentencing of ASPD offenders. More research is needed on the diagnostic classification criteria, evidence based practice and influencing factors of ASPD from the perspective of neurobiology.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Fairness norm enforcement refers to the willingness to incur personal costs to punish violations of fairness norms, which was thought to be a hallmark of human society and play a key role in cooperative interactions. Group identity refers to some knowledge of one’s group membership together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership, which directly influences people’s fairness norm enforcement during inter-group context. Using a variety of asset allocation game, researchers found group bias exerted a critical effect on fairness norm enforcement, while existing in two opposite patterns. Sometimes, people were more likely to accept unfair offer from in-groups, reflecting the pattern of in-group favoritism, but sometimes people were also more likely to punish norm violations from in-group members, revealing the form of the so-called black sheep effect. Currently, norms focused theory and mere preferences theory have usually been used to explain the above contradictory phenomena. Based on this review, future research directions should explore the boundary conditions of this bias, compare the difference of this parochial altruism induced by variable group identity, emphasize the integration of different theories, and enhance the exploration of its underlying neural mechanisms.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Aggression is the act of intentionally causing direct harm to others, and can be divided into reactive aggression and proactive aggression. The occurrence of aggression has neurobiological basis. As a key brain area of emotion processing and learning, the amygdala is closely associated with aggression. The fight-flight mechanism model, the violence inhibition mechanism model and the fear dysfunction hypothesis emphasize the importance of the amygdala for aggression. Groups exhibiting aggressive or violent behaviors have structural deficits and dysfunctions in the amygdala, in which dysfunction manifests itself with two opposite abnormalities. In high-risk groups with reactive aggression, the amygdala has an enhanced response to threatening stimuli ('hot' response); whereas groups with proactive aggression, such as psychopathic individuals with callous-unemotional traits, exhibit diminished amygdala responses to threatening stimuli and others’ distress cues, as well as in sufficient activation of the amygdala during fear conditioning learning and moral decision-making ('cold' response). These dysfunctions impair the individuals’ normal levels of threat response, empathy, punishment avoidance and moral decision-making. Future research needs to focus on both population research and process research, pay more attention to the functions of the substructures of the amygdala, explore the neural network foundations of aggression, and explore effective means of violence prevention and intervention.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Aggression can make individuals produce positive emotions, that is, aggression has a pleasant effect. This is not only directly reflected in the individual’s emotional experience of aggressive behavior, but also reflected in the association between some personality traits and aggression. In addition, it is also supported by neuroimaging studies about aggression. The opponent-process theory and the reinforcement model of aggression explain the psychological causes of this effect from two different perspectives: individual’s change and group’s evolution. This effect can consolidate the pattern of individual’s aggressive behavior, which further enriches the meta-theoretical framework of aggressive behavior. The above analysis indicates that cathartic therapy should be used carefully in the intervention of people with high aggressive tendency, and suggests that there may be similarities in the psychological causes of aggressive behavior and addictive behavior. In the future, emotional measurement tools should be improved to clarify the dynamic changes of emotions during aggression. It is also necessary to further explore the influencing factors of aggression’s pleasant effect and improve the ecological validity of the research.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： To improve the fairness perception and norm enforcement of children and adolescents in inter-group interactions, it is an essential issue in the field of educational psychology about how to reveal the interactive mechanism of group norms and fairness values during individuals' psychological development. Although in-group favoritism during fairness norm enforcement is an important topic in psychology, three main limitations need to be addressed. First, most studies use questionnaires, which are easily affected by social participation. Second, most of the research uses scenario experiments with an emphasis on the final behavioral output of social interaction while failing to effectively grasp the dynamic process of social decision-making. Finally, electroencephalogram (EEG) studies with the high temporal resolution are still lacking to reveal the dynamic process of the brain. This project aims to clarify these issues by employing a cognitive neuroscience method. Specifically, multilevel techniques, including self-reported, cognitive-behavioral, eye-tracking, and electrophysiological techniques, were used to examine the mechanism behind in-group favoritism of fairness norm enforcement from childhood to adolescence. We intend to explore the developmental process, reveal the key role of cognitive control, mentalizing, and describe their psychological development trajectory. Findings will support moral education in primary and secondary schools, and cultivate students' sense of justice and behavior.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2022-12-04
Abstract：
Aggression can make individuals produce positive emotions, that is, aggression has a pleasant effect. This is not only directly reflected in the individual’s emotional experience of aggressive behavior, but also reflected in the association between some personality traits and aggression. In addition, it is also supported by neuroimaging studies about aggression. The opponent-process theory and the reinforcement model of aggression explain the psychological causes of this effect from two different perspectives: individual’s change and group’s evolution. This effect can consolidate the pattern of individual’s aggressive behavior, which further enriches the meta-theoretical framework of aggressive behavior. The above analysis indicates that cathartic therapy should be used carefully in the intervention of people with high aggressive tendency, and suggests that there may be similarities in the psychological causes of aggressive behavior and addictive behavior. In the future, emotional measurement tools should be improved to clarify the dynamic changes of emotions during aggression. It is also necessary to further explore the influencing factors of aggression’s pleasant effect and improve the ecological validity of the research.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2021-08-07
Abstract： To improve the fairness perception and norm enforcement of children and adolescents in inter-group interactions, it is an essential issue in the field of educational psychology about how to reveal the interactive mechanism of group norms and fairness values during individuals’ psychological development. Although in-group favoritism during fairness norm enforcement is an important topic in psychology, three main limitations need to be addressed. First, most studies use questionnaires, which are easily affected by social participation. Second, most of the research uses scenario experiments with an emphasis on the final behavioral output of social interaction while failing to effectively grasp the dynamic process of social decision-making. Finally, electroencephalogram (EEG) studies with the high temporal resolution are still lacking to reveal the dynamic process of the brain. This project aims to clarify these issues by employing a cognitive neuroscience method. Specifically, multilevel techniques, including self-reported, cognitive-behavioral, eye-tracking, and electrophysiological techniques, were used to examine the mechanism behind in-group favoritism of fairness norm enforcement from childhood to adolescence. We intend to explore the developmental process, reveal the key role of cognitive control, mentalizing, and describe their psychological development trajectory. Findings will support moral education in primary and secondary schools, and cultivate students' sense of justice and behavior. " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2019-09-14
Abstract： Fairness norm enforcement refers to the willingness to incur personal costs to punish violations of fairness norms, which was thought to be a hallmark of human society and play a key role in cooperative interactions. Group identity refers to some knowledge of one’s group membership together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership, which directly influences people’s fairness norm enforcement during inter-group context. Using a variety of asset allocation game, researchers found group bias exerted a critical effect on fairness norm enforcement, while existing in two opposite patterns. Sometimes, people were more likely to accept unfair offer from in-groups, reflecting the pattern of in-group favoritism, but sometimes people were also more likely to punish norm violations from in-group members, revealing the form of the so-called black sheep effect. Currently, norms focused theory and mere preferences theory have usually been used to explain the above contradictory phenomena. Based on this review, future research directions should explore the boundary conditions of this bias, compare the difference of this parochial altruism induced by variable group identity, emphasize the integration of different theories, and enhance the exploration of its underlying neural mechanisms. "
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