分类： 心理学 >> 认知心理学 分类： 心理学 >> 心理学其他学科 提交时间： 2020-03-05
Chen, Li-Zhen
Yuan, Xinru
Zhang, Yuanchao
Zhang, Shu
Zou, Liye
Yang, Lin
Chang, Yu-Kai
Xia, Qixin
Wang, Yiqun
Wei, Gao-Xia
摘要： Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practice on practitioners’ brain functional specialization compare with the TCC novices. Methods: 22 TCC practitioners (52.4 ± 6.8 years; 7 males; educated years:12.18 ± 3.03 years) and 18 healthy controls (54.8 ± 6.8 years; 8 males; education years:11.78 ± 2.90 years) matched by age, sex, and education were enrolled. Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning and cognitive test to measure the differences in functional specialization and cognitive function. Functional specialization was evaluated by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method. Results: Lower middle frontal gyrus (MFG) VMHC in TCC practitioners compared to controls. For TCC practitioners, the longer they practice, the lower their VMHC in precentral and precuneus. TCC practitioners showed better cognition performance. Limitations: Relatively small sample size. Conclusions: Changed VMHC indicated that TCC practice could enhance functional specialization in the middle frontal cortex of practitioners, which may be associated with higher-order cognitive ability.
分类： 心理学 >> 管理心理学 提交时间： 2020-03-05
摘要： 基层政府职能转变和担当离不开广大基层干部的担当作为。但是, 什么是基层干部的担当作为, 如何测量？基层干部担当作为是出于怎样的动机？受到哪些因素的影响, 如何促进？这些问题尚未得到系统研究。因此, 基于行为公共管理学视角, 首先以实证的方式研究基层干部担当作为的内涵结构和具体的测量; 第二, 突破传统动机研究对利他的依赖和内外动机二分的束缚, 以自我决定理论为基础, 从自主动机(内在调节、整合调节、认同调节)和受控动机(内摄调节、外在调节)精细化研究担当作为动机; 第三, 关注从动机到行为的整合框架, 提出担当角色认同的中介变量, 关注个体因素和组织因素的交互以及中介过程中的调节作用, 解释担当作为动机将如何产生担当作为行为, 并有何种权变因素。通过实证研究, 最终回应基层干部担当作为的测量、管理和激励问题。
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