Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2024-03-13
Abstract： In the field of misinformation identification research, the motivated System 2 reasoning and classical reasoning accounts probe the influencing factors that shape individuals’ ability to identify misinformation from different perspectives, yet diverge in their interpretations of cognitive abilities’ roles. Building upon existing research, this study introduces factors such as emotions, information characteristics, individual stances, and their underlying motivations to further refine the hierarchical model of misinformation identification based on a signal detection theory. The objective is to enrich our comprehension of the multifaceted ways in which these diverse elements bear upon the process of misinformation identification. By differentiating the influence of various factors on both the discrimination sensitivity and the judgment criteria within the identification process, the model not only reconciles the contrasting perspectives on cognitive abilities posited by motivated System 2 reasoning and classical reasoning accounts but also furnishes a detailed and systematically organized analytical framework. This framework is instrumental in elucidating the intricate mechanisms that underpin the identification of misinformation.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Increasing evidence shows that pain interacts with inhibition function, and this relationship may be an important reason for the development of chronic pain. However, the cognitive mechanism of the interaction between pain and inhibition function remains unclear. This study attempts to clarify how pain affects inhibition function and how inhibition function regulates pain. Pain significantly activates the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The structure and function of the DLPFC change with the development and healing of pain, and the DLPFC plays an important role in the pain farther down the inhibition system. At the same time, the DLPFC is also a key brain area that reflects inhibition function. The overlap of pain and inhibition function in the DLPFC provides physiological evidence for the interaction between pain and inhibition function. Both laboratory pain and chronic pain damages the inhibition function. As a prominent sensory stimulus threatening human survival, pain will automatically induce the individual's self-defence mechanism to control pain from top to bottom. Inhibition is also a top-down control of conflicting information and superior response. According to the theory of cognitive resources, the control of pain will occupy the cognitive resources of the inhibition function and impair the inhibition function. However, the pain-influencing inhibition function is not unidirectional. In turn, inhibition function can predict the incidence of chronic pain and regulate the pain experience. Although the relationship between inhibition function and pain sensitivity is controversial, in the study of distracted analgesia, inhibition function was significantly positively correlated with the performance of distracted tasks, showing consistency across studies. The performance profile of distracted tasks reflects the degree of pain interference by individuals, and individuals with high inhibition function are less affected by pain than individuals with low inhibition function. For individuals with low inhibition function, pain brings more interference and increases the individual’s pain fear and pain catastrophe. This process updates the psychological meaning of pain to the individual and further increases the individual’s negative expectations for the next occurrence of pain. Conversely, individuals with high inhibition function reduce their negative expectations for the next occurrence of pain. The daily activities of patients with chronic pain are interrupted long-term by pain, and the patients' stronger inhibition function helps to reduce pain interference and negative expectations of pain. When patients have more positive expectations than negative expectations for pain relief, the effect of pain treatment is significantly increased. Unfortunately, research on the effect of inhibition function on pain is mainly based on a relevant design, because inhibition function as a personal characteristic is difficult to control in the laboratory. Future research should use more longitudinal designs and methods to control inhibition function (short-term cognitive training) to further clarify the causal relationship between inhibition function and the pain experience. Pain can impair inhibition function, and poor inhibition function is not conducive to pain relief. The interaction between pain and inhibition function highlights the importance and urgency of inhibition function in the treatment of pain by psychological factors. Especially for elderly individuals with poor inhibition function and patients with mild chronic pain, early inhibition function intervention can help reverse the development of chronic pain. According to the existing research results, in-depth exploration of the cognitive mechanism of the interaction between pain and inhibition function is conducive to perfecting the related theories of pain psychobehavioural therapy and further guiding the inhibition function to target pain.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In recent years, frequently occurred major risk events such as earthquakes, floods, and the COVID-19 pandemic have posted a significant threat to people's lives and health. Family resilience has become an important protective factor for individuals and families to cope with risks. Family resilience theory has also become one of the most widely applied theories in the field of risk coping.Family resilience theory was proposed as a new stress coping model by McCubbin, a clinical psychologist studying the military families' response to the war crisis, based on family stress theory and family systems theory. After several major revisions, the family resilience theory has developed from a static characteristics model into a dynamic change theory and formed a theoretical system with extensive connotation and extension. However, the “Double ABCX model” and “FAAR model” within the theoretical system are most commonly used in empirical research, and many researchers equate these two models with the family resilience theory, which leads to overgeneralization in the application. In addition, this theory came from family therapy in Western culture, and risk coping researchers have often ignored the huge difference between the cultural traditions of Chinese and Western families. To a certain extent, overlooking cultural differences has affected the researcher to deeply understand the family resilience theory in China. Chinese researchers should hold a prudent attitude when applying the family resilience theory to explain the family risk coping in China, avoiding problem of “cutting the feet to fit the shoes”.Family resilience theory was applied to topics such as trauma repair and stress coping in the early stage. Later, it was applied to topics such as resilience. It is worth noticing that the family resilience theory revealed a peaked influence in risk coping studies in China over recent years. The consistently enriched research topics and gradually increasing theoretical and empirical studies highlighted the practical value of family resilience theory. At present, The family resilience theory has become a practical guide for clinical interventions. It has also become an important explanatory mechanism for the “crisis-adaptation” relationship at four levels (i.e., state, society, family, and individual) since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The family resilience theory has been expanded many times, its explanatory power has been constantly improved, and it has also been widely used in risk coping. However, applying the family resilience theory to risk coping research still faces challenges from several sources, such as meta-theoretical research, methodology, cross-cultural research, and social change. Meta-theoretical research challenges the family resilience theory primarily from the accuracy of the definition of family resilience concepts and the integration of theoretical models; methodology challenges the accuracy of family resilience assessment mainly from three aspects: research objects, research methods, and assessment tools; the cross-cultural and social change research challenges the applicability of the family resilience theory in Chinese context, mainly based on the strong appeal of localization and the uniqueness of family intergenerational relations in the period of social transformation.Future research should cope with these challenges by clarifying the concept of family resilience and integrating the different family resilience models, using mixed methods and developing assessment index systems, and promoting localization of the family resilience theory. It is also important to build a family resilience theoretical system with Chinese characteristics considering Chinese traditional "family culture", in order to improve the vitality and explanatory power of the family resilience theory and reflect the contribution of oriental philosophy to the contemporary world, and further enhance the international academic discourse power of Chinese psychology.
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2023-02-27
Abstract： There is a phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. Ample studies on intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes primarily focus on environmental values, environmental concern, sustainable consumer attitudes, while researches on intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental behaviors pay much attention to saving energy behaviors, green purchase behaviors, and recycling behaviors and reuse behaviors. The intergenerational transmission has three interdependent pathways of socialization: (1) parents influence their children, through modeling learning, parent-child communication, parent-child participation; (2) children influence their parents, that is, the process of reverse intergenerational transmission; (3) parents and children are influenced by the shared social and cultural environment, that is, the process of cultural acculturation. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in the context of Chinese culture, and explore its internal mechanism in depth.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2022-09-30
Abstract： In recent years, family resilience theory has become one of the most widely applied theories in the field of risk coping. Based on family stress theory and family systems theory, family resilience theory was proposed as a new model of stress coping by McCubbin, a clinical psychologist studying risk coping. After several major revisions, the theory has developed from a static characteristics model into a dynamic change theory andformed a theoretical system with extensive connotation and extension. In the early stage, family resilience theory was applied to topics such as trauma repair and stress coping. Later, it was applied to topics such as resilience. The theory has become a practical guide for clinical interventions. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the theory has become an important explanatory mechanism for the "crisis-adaptation" relationship at four levels: state, society, family, and individual. Applying family resilience theory to risk coping research also faces challenges from several sources. For example, meta-theoretical research, methodology, cross-cultural research, and social change. Future research should build a family resilience theoretical system with Chinese characteristics for these challenges, such as clarifying concepts and integrating models, using mixed methods and developing assessment index systems, and promoting localization of theories.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2021-11-26
Abstract：自生物心理社会模型提出以来，利用心理因素预防和治疗疼痛备受关注，越来越多的研究表明抑制功能在疼痛发展和恢复阶段起关键作用。疼痛诱发的自我防御机制通过争夺认知资源影响抑制功能，反之低抑制功能个体在应对疼痛干扰中表现较差，进而影响着疼痛的预期和学习。现有关于抑制功能影响疼痛的研究主要基于相关设计，未来应进一步明确二者的因果关系。深入理解疼痛与抑制功能相互作用的认知机制有助于指导抑制功能对慢性疼痛的靶向干预。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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