Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2024-06-03
Abstract： Interpersonal invisibility refers to the intentional or unintentional disregard of individuals in social interactions, resulting in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disengagement or reduced engagement. Essentially, it represents an implicit form of interpersonal devaluation and exclusion. Interpersonal invisibility is closely linked to social hierarchy, with individuals of lower social hierarchy being more susceptible to experiencing it. Theoretical frameworks such as sociocultural mechanisms, the status hypothesis, affordance-management theory, and intersectional invisibility theory serve as crucial perspectives for explaining this phenomenon. Future research should further refine the conceptualization and measurement of interpersonal invisibility, deepen theoretical investigations into its effects on individuals of lower social hierarchy, explore the interaction between the social hierarchy of both interactants, address and mitigate the negative consequences of interpersonal invisibility, and examine its unique effects within the context of Chinese culture.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-06-02
Abstract： The relations of music and language pitch processing have been extensively investigated during these years. Based on the similarity of resource invocation of language and music processing, researchers believe that language and music processing have a common neurophysiological basis and the experience of the two fields can be transferred to each other. The transfer effect of the domain-general acoustical experience of processing has been validated by a large number of studies. However, in addition to domain-general acoustic resources, language processing also involves phonological resources specific to the language domain, such as the categorical perception of tones. Researchers pointed out that experience in language and music can also transfer at the level of domain-specific competence, revealing the transfer of training effect. To date, whether this kind of transfer effect in terms of the categorical perception of tones happens remains unclear. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the transfer of language and music experience in native Mandarin-speaking musicians in a bi-directional fashion./t/nThe present study used a 2 (group: musicians vs. non-musicians) × 2 (stimulus type: music vs. speech) between-and-within-subjects design. Sixty participants were involved in the current study, including thirty native Mandarin-speaking musicians and thirty native Mandarin-speaking non-musicians. The identification and discrimination tasks in the traditional categorical perception paradigm were adopted, in which the Mandarin T1-T2 tonal continuum from i ˥ to i˧˥ and its musical counterpart were constructed. The identification task required the participants to judge whether the stimulus in the continuum was T1 or T2, and the discrimination task asked participants to decide whether the two stimuli crossing two steps were the same or different./t/nSeen from the identification curve, musicians showed sharper and narrower categorical boundary compared to non-musicians. Both curves of musical stimuli and language stimuli yielded the typical pattern of categorical perception, i.e., the difference in identification rate between the two adjacent stimuli across the boundary was much larger than that between the two adjacent stimuli on both sides of the boundary. In the discrimination task, musicians showed enhanced within-category discrimination accuracy, between-category discrimination accuracy, and discrimination peakedness. Also, the discrimination accuracy of between-category stimuli units could be seen higher than that of within-category stimuli units, which could be interpreted as a typical pattern of categorical perception./t/nThe results showed that music experience could significantly enhance the phonological ability of native Chinese musicians, and their linguistic categorical perception pattern was transferred to musical perception. The conclusion could be drawn that there was a bi-directional transfer effect between the language and music experience of native Mandarin-speaking musicians on the categorical perception of tones, which provides empirical support for the “training transfer effect”. The “shared domain-general view” of language and music processing, i.e., language and music processing share a common neurophysiological basis, could also be validated in terms of the phonological processing ability specific to the language domain.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-06-02
Abstract： Spatial communication refers to the process of exchanging spatial information among collaborators in spatial cooperation tasks. Previous research has shown that social-spatial cues, environmental cues, and layout cues can influence spatial communication. However, the exploration of their multi-cue impact mechanisms has been insufficient. Additionally, factors like perspective and field cognitive style are worthy of investigation as they may affect spatial communication through their influence on spatial perspective-taking processes and spatial cue extraction. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of consistency in multiple spatial cues, spatial perspective-taking ability, and field cognitive style on spatial communication under different perspectives. Building upon the classical paradigm of spatial communication, this study investigated the multi-cue impact mechanisms by constructing more realistic small-scale indoor virtual environments. Study 1 examined the multi-cue effects on the expression process from the first-person perspective (Experiment 1) and the third-person perspective (Experiment 2). Study 2 explored the multi-cue effects on the reception process from the first-person perspective (Experiment 3) and the third-person perspective (Experiment 4). Study 1 employed a three-factor mixed design, with the core within-subject independent variable being the consistency of spatial cues, derived from social-spatial, environmental, and layout cues. The remaining between-subject variables were spatial perspective-taking ability and field cognitive style. Dependent variables included the ratio of choosing self or other-centric reference frames,duration of language organization and expression. Study 2 utilized a four-factor mixed design, introducing an additional within-subject independent variable, the reference frame of expression statement. Dependent variables comprised accuracy and time taken for understanding expression statements. All data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model. Findings revealed that, in the first-person perspective, greater support for spatial reference frames led to a higher likelihood of expresser using them for spatial information, shorter language organization duration, and faster comprehension and higher comprehension correctness of corresponding spatial statements by receiver. Moreover, layout cues had a greater support effect than environmental cues. The higher the spatial perspective-taking ability, the more inclined the expresser is to choose to express spatial language using other-centric reference frame, and the more correct and time-consuming it is for the receiver to understand the spatial utterance. Field-independent expresser showed a more pronounced effect of spatial cue support in choosing reference frames compared to field-dependent expresser. In spatial communication from a third-person perspective, layout cues continued to have a support effect, while environmental cues did not. In both perspectives, receiver comprehended spatial language expressed using receiver-centric frame more quickly. The results indicate that: First, in the first-person spatial communication, there is a presence of spatial cue support effects, with the support effect of layout cues significantly outweighing that of environmental cues; regarding reference frame selection, the consistency of spatial cues has a greater impact on field-independent expresser; the higher the spatial perspective-tasking ability, the more the expresser tends to take on a higher cognitive load and the higher the efficiency of the receiver’s comprehension. Second, the third-person perspective not only diminishes the supportive effects of spatial cues and the influence of spatial perspective-taking ability on spatial communication, but it also complicates the process of representation to varying degrees for the two types of field cognitive style expressers. But the use of a receiver’s frame of reference for linguistic representation is the optimal method for improving comprehension efficiency regardless of perspective.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2024-06-01
Abstract： Body dissatisfaction is common among adolescents, and the use of social networking sites is a risk factor. Conducting a systematic review of the manifestations, pathways, and moderators of how social networking site use affects adolescents’ body dissatisfaction is crucial for preventing and addressing this issue. The use of social networking sites can impact adolescents’ body dissatisfaction in several ways. This influence occurs through three main pathways: comparison and internalization of the ideal body, self-objectification and body surveillance, and appearance self-schema and appearance self-discrepancy. Furthermore, this effect is moderated by personality factors, including the Big Five personality traits, narcissism and perfectionism; self-cognitive factors, such as self-compassion and self-concept clarity; and media-cognitive factors, including social media literacy and appearance-related social media consciousness. Future research should focus on exploring the relationship between social networking site use and body dissatisfaction in China, expanding the scope to include various aspects such as research subjects, methods, and content, and further validating and simplifying the theoretical framework. This will help develop more effective online intervention programs to address adolescents’ body dissatisfaction.
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-06-01
Abstract： Against the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, enterprises are facing severe pressure related to green development. Green creativity, which refers to the development of new ideas about green products, green services, green processes, or green practices that are judged to be original, novel, and useful, is the key way to realize the low-carbon development of enterprises. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the stimulating factors and mechanisms of green creativity. Individual factors (motivation, cognition, emotion, attitude, ability, and behavior) and contextual factors (leadership, vision and strategy, management practice, and comprehensive strength) constitute the antecedent variables that influence employee green creativity. On this basis, the functions of the above factors can be divided into two categories: (1) the situation → individual driving path model, where self-determination theory, social cognition theory, affective events theory, and attitude change theory are the patterns of explanation perspectives; and (2) the interaction model of individual and situation, in which competency activation model and motivated information processing theory are the patterns of explanation perspectives. Future research can start from concept definition, traditional influence, team level, dynamic attributes, persistence and the price that needs to be paid to enrich the green creativity theory system.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-05-31
Abstract： The development of attentional functions is a fundamental issue of human cognitive development, but the available evidence for its developmental trajectory is inconsistent due to the diversity and low reliability of measurement paradigms. The study examined the development of attentional functions and attentional collaborations in 281 Chinese primary school children (109 girls, 5.98-13.24 years old) using the self-designed High Reliability-Composite Attention Test. Results showed that the executive control continued to develop prior to the age of 10. It further contributed to the linear development of attentional collaborations. Each of these scores exhibited a split-half reliability exceeding 0.82. Therefore, we effectively demonstrated a mechanism for attentional development that revolves around executive control.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2024-05-29
Abstract： Prosocial behavior is a major aspect of social functioning in childhood and adolescence. Research has indicated relations between parental warmth and children’s prosocial behavior. However, the meachanims for the relations remain unclear, especially in non-Western countries. The primary purpose of the present longitudinal study was to explore the role of children’s group orientation in linking parental warmth and children’s prosocial behavior. Group orientation, characterized as concern for group welfare and interpersonal harmony, has been particularly emphasized in socialization and believed to regulate children’s behaviors in social interaction in Chinese collectivistic society. To address the gap in the literature, this study examined the transactional relations among perceived parental warmth, child group orientation, and child prosocial behavior with a focus on the mediating effects of group orientation.
Multi-wave longitudinal data were collected each year from Grade 4 to Grade 6 in a sample of five randomly selected regular public elementary schools in China (initial N = 1033; 49.5% girls; initial Mage = 10.28 years, SD = 0.69). Data on parental warmth, group orientation, and prosocial behavior were obtained from multiple sources including self-reports and teacher ratings. Measurement invariance tests were first conducted for the measures with multiple indicators across three times of measurement. Next, latent cross-lagged panel models were constructed to examine the relations among maternal/paternal warmth, group orientation, and prosocial behavior controlling children’s gender and parental educational level. Multigroup analyses were also conducted to examine gender differences in the models.
The results showed that maternal warmth positively predicted later prosocial behavior, and child prosocial behavior positively predicted later paternal warmth. Both paternal and maternal warmth positively predicted child group orientation, which in turn positively predicted child prosocial behavior; group orientation was a mediator of the contributions of parental warmth to prosocial behavior. Multigroup analyses showed no significant gender differences in the cross-lagged paths.
The findings highlight the crucial role that group orientation plays in the link between parental warmth and children’s prosocial behavior. The study has significant implications for early intervention to promote children’s prosocial behavior.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-05-29
Abstract： Writing is a complex perceptual-motor process that involves both central cognitive coding and peripheral motor execution. It requires a lot of cognitive resources and is therefore susceptible to physiological aging. Research based on written products has found that older adults always show variations in font size, stroke inversions, reduced smoothness, and increased error rates. Studies on the writing process have revealed that older adults tend to show slower responses, increased pauses, prolonged execution, decreased speed, and uneven pen pressure. Cognitive aging in writing primarily stems from neurodegeneration of the brain, decline of sensory-motor mechanisms, and interference from hormonal changes or bone loss to hand movements. Future research should focus on the synchrony and asynchrony of aging in different writing processes, as well as the universality and specificity of cognitive aging in writing. Meanwhile, research should also be conducted to develop and apply clinical diagnostic criteria for cognitive aging in writing.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-29
Abstract： Aggressive behavior refers to the psychological and behavioral tendency of an individual to intentionally hurt others in a direct or indirect way, so that the body and mind of the target of attack are adversely affected. The problem behavior of middle school students in the adolescent period is increasing, and the severity and danger of aggressive behavior are gradually increasing. Many studies have reported the effect of social anxie ty on aggressive behavior, but the internal mechanism of the how has not been fully explored. Therefore, this study explores the influence of emotion and cognition on behavior from the perspective of cognitive behavior theory. Specifically, this study examined whether social anxiety has an indirect effect on aggression through verbal fluency and whether this effect is moderated by emotional intelligence./t/nA total of 905 middle school students (mean age = 15.4 years, SD =1.8) participated in the study, who anonymously filled out questionnaires on social anxiety, verbal fluency, emotional intelligence, and aggressive behavior. All measures have good reliability and validity./t/nAfter controlling for sex, age, place of origin and whether the child is the only child, the structural equation model shows that: (1) Social anxiety can significantly predict aggressive behavior of middle school students under the condition of controlling gender, age and whether they are only children; (2) Social anxiety can predict aggression of middle school students through the mediating effect of verbal fluency; (3) The mediating effect of verbal fluency is regulated by emotional intelligence.pecifically, compared with high emotional intelligence middle school students, social anxiety of low emotional intelligence middle school students has greater predictive effect on verbal fluency and aggression./t/nThese findings help to reveal the mechanism of social anxiety on aggressive behavior of middle school students. On the one hand, verbal fluency plays a mediating role in the influence of social anxiety on aggression of middle school students. Therefore, we should pay attention to the influence of verbal fluency, which is easy to be neglected but plays an important role in communication, on aggression of middle school students. On the other hand, students with low emotional intelligence were more prone to aggressive behavior due to social anxiety and poor verbal fluency. Therefore, the intervention and prevention of aggressive behavior can start from the perspective of cultivating middle school students’ emotional intelligence and improving their verbal communication ability.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-05-28
Abstract： Leadership development has emerged as a cutting-edge research topic in organizational management and a practical challenge in human resource management. Previous studies have focused on offering courses and challenging work experiences inside enterprises to cultivate leadership, but these approaches face limitations in enhancing effectiveness. Recent research has focused on leadership development across multiple domains with the “whole person” approach, especially the effects of non-work experience on leadership development in the working domain. We adopt the family-work enrichment perspective to explore how parental experience influences leader effectiveness, examining the process through instrumental, affective, and efficiency enrichment paths. We propose a conceptual model for leadership development by adopting the perspective of “parent-leader enrichment”. Future research should clarify the qualitative and quantitative relationship between parental experience and leader effectiveness, and explore interventions aimed at boosting enrichment awareness, identity, and efficacy to enhance leadership development in practice.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-27
Abstract： Depression-induced suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents, and prolonged mobile phone usage has emerged as a significant public health concern with this demographic. However, the relationship between the duration of mobile phone usage and the manifestation of depressive symptoms in adolescents remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the characteristics, evolution patterns, and gender differences in depressive symptoms among adolescents based on varying durations of mobile phone usage, as well as to provide new strategies for the prevention and control of depression among them. A large-scale survey was conducted on 167,728 adolescents in Nanchong City using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Mobile phone usage was categorized as follows: Non-use on rest days (T1), usage on rest days for ≤3 hours per day (T2), and usage on rest days for >3 hours per day (T3). The collected data were analyzed using R software (version 4.3.2) and its network analysis packages. The study compared the differences in the depressive symptom networks among adolescents with varying duration of mobile phone usage on rest days, as well as the differences between genders for the same mobile phone usage duration. Network analysis revealed that the longer the duration of mobile phone usage among adolescents, the more severe the symptoms of depression. Among the symptoms of depression in adolescents, ’sadness’, ’sense of failure’, ’lack of pleasure’, and ’lack of happiness’ have a higher degree of strength centrality. We performed a comparative analysis of the depression symptom network under different mobile phone usage durations on rest days. There were no significant differences in global strength and network edges between the T2 and T1 networks, but a significant difference in network structure, with the strength centrality of one symptom being significantly different. The T3 vs. T1 network showed significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges, with 32 edges showing significant differences and the strength centrality of 8 symptoms being significantly different. The T3 vs. T2 network also showed significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges, with 19 edges showing significant differences and the strength centrality of 10 symptoms being significantly different. Additionally, we also revealed the comparative analysis of the depression symptom network among different genders with the same mobile phone usage duration on rest days. Under the T1 condition, there were no significant differences in network structure and network edges between the female and male groups, but a significant difference in global strength, with the strength centrality of one symptom being significantly different. Under the T2 and T3 conditions, there were significant differences in global strength, network structure, and network edges between female and male groups. Under the T2 condition, there were significant differences in 25 edges and the strength centrality of 8 symptoms. Under the T3 condition, there were significant differences in 15 edges and the strength centrality of 5 symptoms. The current study indicated that the characteristics and evolution patterns of depressive symptoms in adolescents varied according to the duration of mobile phone usage, and notable gender differences. This study, based on the evolution patterns of various depressive symptoms, innovatively proposes four evolution patterns of depressive symptoms. This findings provide new strategies for the prevention and control of adolescent depression.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-27
Abstract： Judgments of learning (JOLs) refer to learners’ subjective predictions of whether they can successfully extract what they have learned on future tests. Face memory is an important foundation for acquiring information during social interactions and ensuring that social activities are carried out properly. Emotion and attractiveness are two important cues that influence JOLs of face memory. In reality, emotion and attractiveness often appear simultaneously in the same face. However, previous studies have only examined the effects of the two cues on JOLs individually, and have not deeply explored the effects of the integration of the two cues on the accuracy of JOLs and their mechanisms./t/nThe present study first explored the proportion of the number of emotional and attractive cue integrators. Then, we increased the gradient of each level of the attractiveness cue in Experiment 1, and utilized a mixed experimental design of 2 (group: cue-integrated group, non-cue-integrated group) × 3 (emotional cue: high-intensity, medium-intensity, and low-intensity) × 3 (attractiveness cue: high-intensity, medium-intensity, and low-intensity) to explore whether the cue-integration could improve face memory and the accuracy of JOLs. In Experiment 2, in order to further improve the sensitivity of the subjects to the two cues, the mixed experimental design was changed to 2 (group: cue-integration group, non-cue-integration group) × 2 (emotional cues: high intensity, low intensity) × 2 (attraction cues: high intensity, low intensity), and the EEG was used to investigate the temporal characteristics of cue-integration in promoting the accuracy of JOLs./t/nFindings: (1) Subjects integrated both emotion and attraction cues for JOLs ratings(the pre-experiment). (2) Integrating emotional and attractiveness cues improved the accuracy of JOLs (Experiment 1). (3) The group that integrated cues had a higher amplitude of late positive waves (LPP) in the parietal region during the encoding stage and late negative waves (NSW) in the frontal region during the JOLs stage compared to the group that did not integrate cues. Additionally, the amplitudes of NSW and LPP in the cue-integrated group were significantly correlated with the accuracy of JOLs(Experiment 2). The study found that individuals who integrated emotion and attractiveness cues during the encoding stage were better able to allocate cognitive resources for cognitive assessment and retain information in the JOLs stage. This led to more accurate monitoring of their own face memory. The study suggests that integrating two cues can improve cognitive performance./t/nThis study offers a foundation for individuals to comprehend the impact of cue integration on memory and metamemory in real-world face learning scenarios. It also aids in the development of effective learning plans and strategies, as well as precise monitoring of the learning process.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2024-05-26
Abstract： Orderly display, from our urban planning to the layout of goods in shops, is widely used in our nearby environment. Researches have shown that the need for order is one of the basic human needs and people prefer objects under orderly display. Our study enriched this line of work by exploring the association between display order and product attribution and providing evidence that disorder can be beneficial. Specifically, natural attribution (vs. artificial product) is associated with disorder (vs. order). Furthermore, for natural product (vs. artificial product), consumers prefer them in disorderly display (vs. orderly display). Based on the associative learning mechanism, 4 studies were conducted to examine how display order and product attribute match together and influences consumers’ product preference. Also, the mediating role of fluency perception and moderating role of valence cue were examined.
Study 1 (N = 34, 18 men) intended to explore the matching relationship between product attribution and display order with the method of Implicit Association Test. Participants were instructed to sort a series of stimuli into two categories(natural or artificial) as quickly as possible. Study 2 (N = 280, 105 men) aimed to test the match effect of product attribution and display order in explicit level using within-subjects design. After showing the interpretation of both constructs’ definition, participants were asked to match natural (vs. artificial) product to orderly or disorderly display. Study 3 (N = 200, 75 men) used between-subjects design to further investigate the effect of product attribution and display order on consumer preference, and the mediation role of processing fluency, with product content remain the same, i.e., mango. Participants were shown one picture and asked to indicate their preference and processing fluency. Study 4 (N = 240, 98 men) investigated the boundary effect of valence cue. The participants were asked to evaluate the valence of all categories of product attribution and display order as priming method. Then participants were shown two pictures of natural or artificial product in disorderly and orderly display. In the end, they indicate their liking and processing fluency of pictures.
The main results of this study are as follows: (1) natural attribution (vs. artificial product) is associated with disorder (vs. order) in both implicit and explicit level; (2) for natural (vs. artificial) product, consumers have higher preference for product in disorderly (vs. orderly) display; (3) product attribution and display order influences consumers’ product preferences through the mediation role of processing fluency; (4) valence cue moderate consumers’ preference for natural products in different display order.
This research identify and explore a previously unidentified lay theory, the natural (vs. artificial) = disorder (order) intuition. Moreover, based on dual-process of associative learning, we further explore the contradictory naïve theory of our proposal. And this research contributes to the literature of natural product and product display. It provides managers with guidelines on arrangement of display order for product with different attribution when organizing shelf display or designing advertisement.
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-05-24
Abstract： Studies showed that death awareness may promote or hinder prosocial behavior. This study simultaneously explored and compared the effects and mechanisms of different death awarenesses—death anxiety and death reflection—on prosocial behavior, and revealed the positive and negative effect mechanisms of death awareness on prosocial behavior. Based on the dual-existence system model of death awareness, this study explored the effects of the negative and positive aspects of death awareness—death anxiety and death reflection—on prosocial behaviors and their mechanisms through two studies: a questionnaire survey and a laboratory experiment. Study 1 measured participants’ death anxiety, death reflection, and prosocial behavioral tendencies through relevant scales, and initially explored the predictive effects of death anxiety and death reflection on prosocial tendencies, as well as the role of self-transcendence values and self-enhancement values in them. Study 2 applied experimental methods and selected public goods game situations and real donation situations in prosocial behavior to examine the impact of death awarenesses on prosocial behavior, and continued to verify the mediating role of self-transcendence values and self-enhancement values. Meanwhile, Study 2 set up different donation situations to examine the boundary conditions when individuals with different death awarenesses implement prosocial behaviors, and once again verified the psychological mechanism by which death awareness affects prosocial behavior. Participants were randomly assigned to the DR (Death Reflection) group, MS (Mortality Salience) group, and TR (Toothache Control) group and were required to complete the public goods game (PGG). Afterwards, the participants left the laboratory and participated in the donation activities outside the laboratory (to prevent them from feeling that the donation activities were part of the experiment). Differences in cooperation and donation behavior between participants under different manipulation conditions were compared. The results were observed as follows: 1) Death anxiety negatively predicted or reduced participants’ prosocial behavioral tendencies and behaviors; death reflection positively predicted or increased participants’ prosocial tendencies and behaviors. 2) The impact of death reflection and death anxiety on prosocial behavior was a dual-path mediating mechanism: self-enhancement values played a mediating role in the impact of death anxiety on prosocial behavior, and self-transcendence values played a mediating role in the impact of death reflection on prosocial behavior. 3) Donation context moderated the effects of death reflection and death anxiety on donation behavior. In the public donation situation, the donation amount of the participants in the death anxiety group was higher, while in the anonymous donation situation, participants donated more in the death reflection group. The donation context positively and negatively moderated the two mediating paths between death awareness and prosocial behavior respectively. This study measured, distinguished and compared the impact and mechanism of the specific cognitive states of death awareness—death anxiety and death rumination—on prosocial behavior, and proposes a “dual-path” mediating mechanism by which death awareness affects prosocial behavior. The “dual path” model provides supporting evidence for the dual existence system model, expands the research on the social adaptability of death awareness, and provides new ideas for research on the positive direction of death.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-24
Abstract： In this paper, 66 college students from a university in Guangdong were screened by SCL-90 scale as the research sample, and were divided into 33 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group by the principle of complete random allocation. Before treatment, the intervention group was evaluated using the PANAS scale, SAS scale, and Art Therapy Effectiveness Other Rating Scale, and the control group was evaluated using the PANAS scale and SAS scale. After 18 weeks of (group counseling) painting art therapy for the intervention group, the subjects in both groups were assessed using the SCL-90 scale, PANAS scale, SAS scale, and Art Therapy Effectiveness Other Rating Scale. By comparing and analyzing the results of the pre- and post-tests, it was found that the factor scores of the SCL-90 scale, the total scores of the SAS scale, the scores of the PANAS scale, and the total scores of the Art Therapy Effectiveness Other Assessment Scale showed significant differences, and that the results of the post-tests were better than the results of the pre-tests, suggesting that the original art and painting therapy can promote the psychological health of college students. Based on the test results, we analyze the specific embodiment of native art painting therapy to promote the mental health of college students in three aspects: cognition, emotion, and socialization, and provide a new way to study the mental health education of college students.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Statistics in Psychology submitted time 2024-05-23
Abstract： Dyadic studies, in which two persons interacting with each other (called a dyad) are the fundamental unit of analysis, are widely used in psychological studies involving interpersonal phenomena. The integration of such studies with intensive longitudinal designs helps to further investigate the dynamics of both individual behaviors and interpersonal effects during the social interactions. However, there is a lack of appropriate statistical approaches that can adequately answer the dyadic research questions of interest based on the characteristics of intensive longitudinal data. Through simulation and empirical studies, this project will investigate the construction, extension, and applications of appropriate statistical models for intensive longitudinal data of different dyadic designs within the framework of Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling (DSEM).
Specifically, the research contents include: (1) constructing two actor-partner DSEMs with different detrending approaches and selecting the better model for intensive longitudinal data from the standard dyadic design; (2) developing an appropriate statistical model for the intensive longitudinal one-with-many data and extending it to more complex data with time trends; (3) developing an appropriate statistical model for the intensive longitudinal round-robin data and extending it to data with time trends; and (4) illustrating the application of the constructed or extended models under three intensive longitudinal dyadic designs. This project will advance the psychological research to gain a deeper and more scientific understanding of changes in individual behaviors and interpersonal effects in the context of social interactions.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-23
Abstract： As the saying goes, “Survival of the fittest”. Nowadays, the Internet has become a critical channel for information acquisition, social interaction, and educational learning. Adolescents’ internet adaptation capabilities must be continuously improved to adapt to this rapidly developing information age. Internet adaptation is inherently a “multidimensional system” encompassing various stages and dimensions. However, there remains a gap in the research exploring the internal topological characteristics and functional mechanisms of internet adaptation. Consequently, this study aims to employ network analysis techniques to elucidate the core characteristics, internal structure, dynamic evolution, and relationships with external variables of adolescents’ internet adaptation through network analysis. This approach will offer a comprehensive framework for understanding adolescents’ successful adaptation in the digital age and provide scientific insights for preventing and intervening in adolescent internet addiction. This study collected all data through paper-and-pencil questionnaires. At Time 1, valid data were obtained from 5783 participants (Males for 37.4%, Mage = 17.20 years, SD = 2.62). Five months later, data from 1235 of these participants were tracked (Males for 38%, Mage = 14.98 years, SD = 1.66). Based on the research objectives, we conducted cross-sectional network analysis, network comparison, and cross-lagged network analysis. All cross-sectional and cross-lagged network analyses were primarily conducted using R (V.4.3.2). Network visualizations were created with the qgraph package (version 1.9.5). The accuracy of edge estimates was assessed by performing 1000 bootstrap iterations to construct 95% non-parametric bootstrap confidence intervals for each edge. In the cross-sectional network of internet adaptation, “internet curiosity” is the node with the highest strength (1.18). Network comparison results indicate no significant difference in the overall strength between the T1 (3.52) and the T2 network (3.79) (p = 0.120), although the network invariance test result is significant (p < 0.001). The cross-lagged network analysis shows that “internet self-efficacy” has the strongest out-expected influence (0.60), and “internet information searching” has the strongest in-expected influence (0.30). Additionally, the cross-lagged network analysis of internet adaptation and internet addiction reveals that “internet information protection capability” exhibits the strongest outgoing predictive ability. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Adolescents’ internet curiosity plays a multifaceted role in their internet adaptation process: insufficient curiosity can lead to low internet self-efficacy, while excessive curiosity can result in poor internet self-control; (2) Internet self-efficacy has the most significant impact on the overall development of internet adaptation, serving as the “primary driving force”. (3) Internet information searching ability is the most internally influenced aspect during the internet adaptation process and is a crucial component of adolescents’ internet adaptability. (4) Internet information protection capability shows the strongest outgoing predictive ability in the cross-cluster network analysis of internet addiction, warranting further attention in future research.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-05-22
Abstract： Problematic social media use (PSMU) is discussed as a potential further type of disorders due to addictive behaviors. The I-PACE (Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition Execution) model illustrates the mechanisms and processes assumed to be relevant for the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors, potentially including problematic social media use. The interaction of affective and cognitive components (e.g., the confrontation with addiction-related cues leading to cue reactivity and craving and decision making) is assumed to result in a continuation of the behavior (e.g., use of social networks). Dysfunctional decision-making behavior, reflecting this imbalance, is considered as risk factor for and a consequence of an addictive behavior. This study investigates if the presentation of social- media -related cues interferes with decision making under risk. We conducted two studies using the Wheel of Fortune task. In study 1, the relationship between problematic social media use and risk decision-making was investigated. This study used a 2 (participant type: PSMU group, control group) × 2 (risk level: low, high) mixed design with participant type as a between-subjects variable. Participants were asked to complete the Wheel of Fortune task by pressing the F or J key. In study 2, in order to investigates if the presentation of Social-media-related cues interferes with decision making under risk, a 2 (participant type: PSMU, HC) × 2 (risk level: low, high) × 2(variation between conditions: C1, C2) mixed design was used. Participants were asked to make a choice by pressing the F or J key after the relevant information pictures disappears. The results were observed as follows: (1) When no cues were presented, the response time of the PSMU group was longer, and they chose riskier options less frequently under high-risk level. (2) When neutral and social media-related cues were presented, the consistency conditions increased the number of times the PSMU group chose riskier options, and the impact on the first arrival time of the PSMU group was greater than that on the control group. Compared to the control group, the response time of the problem group was also more influenced by social-related cues.In summary, this study revealed that Problematic social media use can influence risk decision-making, and social media-related information has a greater impact on the PSMU group, increasing their tendency to take risks during risk decision-making. In the future, research can be conducted to explore the brain activities of problematic social media users during the risk decision-making process, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between problematic social media use and risk decision-making.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-05-22
Abstract： As data science and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies gain increasing attention in the field of human decision making, human-AI collaborative decision making has gradually become the mainstream approach to organizational decision making. This approach effectively integrates experience-centered supportive decision making with data-centered automated decision making. Existing research has mainly focused on the effects of AI in individual decision making and related influencing factors, largely neglecting the discussion of AI assistance in group decision making. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the effectiveness of AI assistance in group decision making. Based on a review of existing research related to AI-assisted decision making and group decision making, this paper describes how AI engagement affects the consensus level, confidence level, and accuracy of group decision making. In this paper, we explored the effect of AI assistance in group decision making mainly through mathematical modeling, numerical simulation, and a behavioral experiment. First, we used mathematical modeling to portray the mathematical forms of individual cognition, AI cognition, social influence, and AI influence in group decision making. We proposed three measurement expressions for group decision making performance. Then, through comparison and simulation analysis, we observed the changes in group decision making performance under AI assistance. Finally, we designed a behavioral experiment to collect responses from 120 participants (divided into 10 groups) responding to six questions. We completed four rounds of responses for each question by feeding group information and AI predictions. By analyzing the answers of these groups, we tested our research conjecture. The main results of this paper are as follows. First, compared with no AI assistance, group decision making with AI assistance significantly enhances the consensus level, confidence level and accuracy of group decision. Second, the enhancement effect of AI assistance on consensus level is time-sensitive, while the enhancement on confidence level has a delayed effect. Third, the earlier appearance of AI assistance has a more significant effect on enhancing group confidence. The main theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows. First, this paper extends the research field of AI-assisted decision making. Specifically, we focus on the effect of AI intervention in group decision making. Second, this paper enriches the understanding of information diversity in group decision making, and makes the first attempt to integrate the collision of human and machine intelligence. Finally, this paper synthesizes the dimensions of group decision making performance, and comprehensively examines the effects of AI-assisted group decision making from the perspectives of consensus, information, and accuracy. Our findings provide new insights for the frameworks of organizational group decision making, which have practical implications for building AI-enhanced group decision making processes.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-05-21
Abstract： Over the past decade, there has been a growing trend in investigating sensory processing during human locomotion. However, questions related to multisensory processing while walking remain numerous and not yet well explored. In this theoretical research, we provide a general review of the progress made in human walking-related cognition research based on the development of Mobile EEG, while highlight the lack of focus on multisensory processing. Additionally, we present some interesting findings from animal models related to multisensory processing during locomotion, which contributes to the motivation of a systematic investigation into multisensory processing. Finally, we propose several interesting and practical research questions that future studies should address to gain a better understanding of human cognition.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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