Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Medical Psychology submitted time 2023-12-24
Abstract： Objective: Identify the acute stress response patterns, and explore the difference of state anxiety and positive and negative emotion scores of different acute stress response models at different time points. Methods: The acute stress response of 226 healthy adults was induced by the stress inducing task. Salivary cortisol was collected and the trait anxiety scale, state anxiety scale, and positive and negative emotion scale were filled out at different time points. The latent class growth analysis of salivary cortisol was used for heterogeneity testing. Results: The results showed that the acute stress response pattern can be divided into three latent class: low stress response, medium stress response and high stress response. The state anxiety scores and negative emotion scores of individuals with low acute stress response after the end of stress task were significantly lower than those at the end of stress task. Conclusion: The acute stress response pattern has obvious classification characteristics, including low stress response, medium stress response and high acute stress response. Low stress response individuals will experience negative emotional experience for a short time after stress.
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Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology submitted time 2022-03-23
Abstract：
Stress includes two main stages: response and recovery. Stress recovery measurement mainly quantifies the recovery process through the area under the curve, curve fitting, average recovery rate, population pharmacokinetic model and other methods. Stress recovery is closely related to people's physical and mental health. Slow recovery will have an adverse impact on physical and mental health. Personality traits, environment, sleep, cognitive model and other factors will affect stress recovery. Future research can systematically investigate the impact of cognitive models on stress recovery, and pay attention to the physical and mental health of individuals with different recovery models.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Experimental Psychology submitted time 2021-06-02
Abstract： Acute stress is a nonspecific response where an environmental demand exceeds the natural regulatory capacity of an organism, in particular situations that include unpredictability and uncontrollability. The acute stress can affect individuals' attentional bias to emotional stimuli. Previous researches mainly focus on the effect of acute stress on the attentional bias of negative stimuli (e.g. threat), but less is known about the effect of acute stress on positive emotional stimuli (e.g. pleasure,). At the same time, previous researches focused more on the covert attention, compared to the overt attention. It is known that acute stress affects individuals' covert attention bias to emotional stimuli, but the mechanism of how it affects overt attentionl bias is still unclear. To this end, the current study was aimed to investigate the cognitive mechanism of the effect of acute stress on the overt attentional bias of positive and negative emotional stimuli by using an eye tracking techniques. In this study, forty-six healthy male adults were randomly assigned to a stress group (n = 24) and a control group (n = 22). The stress group induced the stress state of individuals by the MAST acute stress task, while the control group remained under the control condition, and then completed the attentional engagement-disengagement task. The results were as follows :(1) The MAST acute stress task successfully induced the stress state of the subjects, and the cortisol concentration, state anxiety scores and negative emotion scores in the stress group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the positive emotion scores were significantly lower than those in the control group. (2) As for the results of behavioral responses, The response time to attentional engagement of positive emotional faces in the stress group was significantly longer than that in the control group; There was no significant difference between the stress group and the control group in the attentional engagement response time of negative emotional faces. The response time of stress group to attention disengagement of positive and negative emotional faces was significantly longer than that of control group. (3) Eye movement results showed that there were no significant differences between the stress group and the control group in the direction of initial gaze, first fixation latency and first fixation duration on positive and negative emotional faces. The total fixation time of stress group was significantly longer than that of control group on negative emotional faces, but there was no significant difference between stress group and control group on positive emotional faces. These results suggest that in overt attentional bias, acute stress disrupts attention disengagement to emotional faces, rather than attentional engagement. We found that acute stress can stably affect the attention disengagement of general negative emotional faces, rather than the specific damage of threat stimulation alone, and this effect occurs in the late stage of attention processing. This may be due to the damage of attention function related to frontal - parietal network by acute stress. However, the effect of acute stress on the attentional bias of positive emotional faces and the related cognitive mechanism need further research.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2021-01-11
Abstract： Childhood adversity can significantly increase the risk of depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders. An abnormal stress response is one of the important factors causing these psychological disorders.Childhood adversity may affect the activation of the HPA axis and enhance or decrease the sensitivity of stress response. Severe childhood adversity may increase the sensitivity of individual stress response, but mild and moderate childhood adversity may also produce protective "stress inoculation" effect.This paper expounds the influence mechanism of childhood adversity on stress response from three aspects: brain function, immune system and epigenetics.Future research should pay attention to controlling irrelevant variables and further explore the influence of different childhood adversities on stress response."
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Experimental Psychology submitted time 2019-09-28
Abstract： Threat stimuli catch our attention when compared with neutral stimuli called attention bias, which includes facilitating attention engagement and difficult attention disengagement to threat. Acute stress influences our attention to threat. However, we do not know whether acute stress can enhance facilitating attention engagement or impair attention disengagement toward threat. Therefore, the present study investigated whether attention engagement to threat is enhanced or attention disengagement to threat is weakened when people are stressed. Thirty-six healthy male adults were randomly assigned to a stress group (n = 18) and a control group (n = 18). The stress group underwent socially evaluated cold-pressor test (SECPT), whereas the control group underwent a warm water control protocol. The dot-probe task was used to measure the attention bias toward threat. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in conjunction with reaction time measures to investigate the time course of attention to threat in the dot-probe task. The N2-posteior-contralateral (N2pc) component measured the initial shift of visual attention to the threatening stimulus, whereas the sustained posterior contralateral negativity (SPCN) component measured the maintenance of visual attention to the threatening stimulus. Reaction time, accuracy rate, and the electroencephalography data of the participants were recorded during the dot-probe task. The state anxiety questionnaire and saliva were acquired at five time points, such as 85 and 70 minutes before the SECPT, immediately before and after the dot-probe task, and 70 minutes after the SECPT. The SECPT successfully induced stress response. Participants in the stress group showed stronger state anxiety and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis response indicated by increased salivary cortisol concentration after the SECPT than the control group. In addition, no significant differences were found before the SECPT. At the behavioral level, the attention disengagement in the stress group was slower than in the control group. Regarding ERPs, we found a greater amplitude of SPCN (300~600 ms after cue) in the stress group than in the control group. However, no significant effect was found on the amplitude of N2pc between stress group and control group. These results indicate that attention disengagement toward threat is impaired under acute stress situations.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-05-27
Abstract： Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is mainly used to explore visual attention and memory for multiple objects in dynamic contexts. Earlier studies focused on the influencing factors and processing mechanisms of the tracking process. An increasing number of recent studies have used MOT to evaluate and train different populations, including children, the elderly, patients with neurodevelopmental conditions, drivers, athletes, video game players, and other occupational groups. In general, a trend has emerged whereby the better the performance of MOT, the better the professional performance in complex and fast dynamic contexts. Conversely, poorer performance of MOT indicates that cognitive functioning may be immature or declining. In addition, MOT can also be used as a means of cognitive training to improve the cognitive function of the elderly and patients with neurodevelopmental conditions and improve the professional performance of various occupational groups. MOT should be considered for future use as it has enormous potential as a method of evaluation and training. This can be further improved in various ways, including strengthening the simulated training of special occupational groups, expanding the target populations, combining MOT with stereoscopic vision and real scenes, taking physical activities during MOT, exploring MOT with multi-person cooperation, and using MOT for the evaluation and training of emotional and social functions.
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