Subjects: Psychology >> Educational Psychology submitted time 2024-01-11
Abstract： Recent studies from international journals indicated the feasibility of early programming education and its effects on children’s cognitive skills and early academic skills. However, there is a paucity that these studies did not examine how early programming education promoted children’s executive functioning (an essential skill for early academic skills and school readiness). Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of early programming activities on children’s executive functioning. Participants were 32 5-year-old and 6-year-old children (16 boys and 16 girls) attending in the third year of kindergarten in Shanghai, and were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., the experimental group and the control group. Children in both groups received a pretest and posttest of executive functioning. Children in the experimental group attended early programming activities that were performed with Bee-Bot (programming tool) lasted for eight weeks, and they were also evaluated on learning outcomes at the end of all activities. Results showed that children in experimental group had a grasp of the programming ideas and could complete most of the activities. Children in experimental group also performed better on an executive functioning task and were rated higher on working memory scale than these in control group, controlling for the pretest.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2023-07-17
Abstract： In collaborative memory, the memory performances of collaborative and equal-sized nominal groups were measured by the number of correctly recalled items. By comparing the correct recall results between the two groups, collaboration during the retrieval phase is seen to possibly result in collaborative inhibition and collaborative facilitation. However, recall error items were also essential indicators of collaboration. Several studies have considered error recall items as indicators to show that collaboration is beneficial in reducing errors. The phenomenon of collaborative groups recording significantly fewer recall errors than nominal groups is referred to as the “error pruning effect.” The mechanisms and moderators of the collaborative inhibition effect have been explored in several previous studies, but evidence on the mechanism of the “error pruning effect” is scarce. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the robustness of error pruning in collaborative memory and to examine the potential mechanisms and moderators.
Studies were identified with several keywords, including “collaborative memory,” “collaborative recall,” “collaborative inhibition,” and “collaborative facilitation.” English language databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and ProQuest, as well as the Chinese language database CNKI, were searched. From 38 empirical studies (from a total sample N = 6225), 64 independent samples were included. We chose the random-effect model to conduct the meta-analysis using CMA3.3. The 64 independent samples showed considerable heterogeneity. Moreover, no substantial publication bias was found in the studies, which was confirmed by the funnel plot, fail-safe number, and trim and fill methods.
Standardized mean differences measured by Hedges’ g were used as the effect size index in the meta-analysis. The main effect showed a large and robust error pruning effect and collaborative inhibition effect in the results. Moreover, the results indicated that the collaborative inhibition effect commonly accompanies the error pruning effect. Further analysis revealed that collaborative approaches and interpersonal relationships moderate the error pruning effect. In particular, collaboration of free-flowing and consensus building enhanced the error pruning effect, while collaboration had no significant effect on the inhibition effect. The type of material had no significant effect on error pruning, while story material increased collaborative inhibition. Familiar relationships increased the error pruning effect, but they weakened collaborative inhibition.
Overall, the study results demonstrated the effect of collaborative recall on inhibiting error and improving accuracy. Collaboration and interpersonal relationships may act as important moderating variables in the process. Although error pruning resulted from a feeling of knowing through recall from collaborative partners, it required a relatively low level of processing. Lastly, efficient error correction could be easily achieved through sufficient communication.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Focused on the interactive model of different information processing levels in person perception, the dynamic interactive model of personal construal on person perception holds that the dynamic system formed by the interaction among the low order processing (such as the processing of clues in faces, sounds and body movements), categorization processing, stereotype activating, and high order cognitive processing plays a regulatory role in person perception. The dynamic system includes cue level, category level, stereotype level and high level. Due to the interaction among different processing levels, the dynamic system formulates the recurrent connectionist network based on neural network, processing level and processing time, which has dynamic interactive effect on the generation of person perception. It is the dynamic interactive effect that makes person impression meaningful, orderly, and predictable in personal construal. Future studies should be based on the interactive model of social culture and situation, and further explore the cognitive neural basis and social motives of the dynamic interactive effect on person construal, via the use of implicit social cognition measurement and cognitive neuroscience methods, in order to provide solid theories and facts for the dynamic construction of personal construal on person perception.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： The event-related potential (ERP) technique was used to investigate whether there are different neural responses to musical emotion when the same melodies are presented in the voice and instrumental timbre such as the violin. With a crossmodal affective priming paradigm, target faces were primed by affectively congruent or incongruent vocal and instrumental music. Participants were asked to judge whether the prime-target pair was affectively congruent or incongruent. The results revealed a larger late positive component (LPC) at the time window of 473~677 ms in response to affectively incongruent versus congruent trials in the vocal version, whereas a larger N400 effect at the time window of 281~471 ms was observed in the instrumental version. These results indicate differential patterns of neurophysiological responses to emotion processing of vocal and instrumental music.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Music and language are unique to the human beings. It has been suggested that music and language have a common origin as an emotional protolanguage. The development of socialisation has resulted in the development of language into a symbolic communication system with explicit semantics. By contrast, music has become an important means of emotional expression. However, whether language with explicit semantics affects the emotional processing of music remains uncertain. Given that songs contain melody and lyrics, previous behavioural studies have focused on songs to analyse the influence of lyrics on the processing of musical emotion. However, several studies have also shown the influence of lyrics, although such findings are relatively contradictory.Thus, the current study used behavioural and electrophysiological measurements to investigate the impact of lyrics on the processing of musical emotion. Experiment 1 analysed whether the emotional connotations in music with and without lyrics could be perceived by listeners at the behavioural level. Experiment 2 further investigated whether there are different neural responses to emotions conveyed by melodies with and without lyrics.A cross-modal affective priming paradigm was used in Experiments 1 and 2, in which musical excerpts served as the prime and emotional faces as target. To avoid the impact of familiarity, 120 musical stimuli were selected from European opera. Each was sung by a vocalist with and without lyrics, thereby resulting in 240 musical stimuli in two versions as potential prime stimuli. A total of 160 facial expressions affectively congruent or incongruent with the preceding musical stimuli were selected as potential target stimuli. Three pre-tests were conducted to ensure the validity of the stimuli. Eventually, 60 musical stimuli for each music version were selected as the prime stimuli, whilst 120 images were used as the target stimuli, thereby resulting in 240 music-image pairs. To ensure that each stimulus appears only once for each participant, two lists were prepared using a Latin square design. Each prime and target was presented in either the congruent or incongruent condition within each list. Thus, each list comprised 120 trials, with 30 trials in each condition. During the experiment, the two lists were equally distributed across the participants. A total of 40 healthy adults participated in Experiment 1. They were asked to judge as quickly and accurately as possible whether the emotion of the target was happy or sad. The accuracy and reaction time were collected. Meanwhile, 20 healthy adults participated in Experiment 2. They were required to judge whether the emotion between music and image was congruent or incongruent whilst their EEG waveforms were recorded. ERPs were analysed and compared between conditions at the time windows of 250~450 ms and 500~700 ms after the onset of the target.The Experiment 1 results showed that when faces were primed by music either with or without lyrics, the participants responded faster and more accurately under affectively congruent condition compared with affectively incongruent condition. This finding indicated that the emotional connotations in music with and without lyrics could both be perceived. The ERP results in Experiment 2 showed that distinct neural mechanisms were activated by music with and without lyrics. Specifically, when faces were primed by music without lyrics, a larger N400 was elicited in response to affectively incongruent pairs than to affectively congruent pairs at the time window of 250~450 ms. However, when faces were primed by music with lyrics, a more positive LPC was observed in response to the affectively incongruent pairs than to the affectively congruent pairs at 500~700 ms. This finding confirms the results of Experiment 1, thereby suggesting that the emotion conveyed by music with and without lyrics could be perceived by the listeners. Moreover, the emotional processing between music with and without lyrics differs in the time course of neural processing. That is, the emotional processing of music with lyrics lagged behind that of music without lyrics.In conclusion, the present results suggest that the neural processing of emotional connotations in music without lyrics preceded that of music with lyrics, although the emotional connotations conveyed by music with and without lyrics could both be perceived. These findings also supported theory of musical philosophy, which suggests that music without lyrics can express emotion more immediately and more directly than music with lyrics owing to the lack of “translation” from the propositional system. On the other hand, considering that lyrics influenced the time course of emotional processing in music with lyrics, our results also provide evidence that the emotional processing of music and language may share neural resources to some extent.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2022-11-25
Abstract：
Competitive victimhood is a psychological phenomenon pervasive on both sides of an intergroup conflict; it implies that one person believes their group suffers more than the other does. As one of the most prominent and growing barriers to positive intergroup relations globally, competitive victimhood has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. However, little research has been conducted on competitive victimhood in Chinese hospitals, where the doctor-patient relationship is increasingly tense. The common ingroup identity model holds that by reconstructing social identity and breaking the boundaries of conflict groups, members can develop a common ingroup identity. This identity improves attitudes toward outer groups, which may help reduce competitive victimhood. The need-based model argues that power and morality are ingroups and outgroups’ basic needs. Members of both sides are threatened by power or morality and are motivated to restore their identities, affecting competitive victimhood. Therefore, it is worth studying whether common ingroup identity can effectively reduce competition victimization between doctors and patients and what roles power and moral needs play.
In Study 1, 90 doctors and nurses and 86 patients and their families from three hospitals in Shanghai and Sichuan were selected in a 2 (group: doctors vs. patients) ×2(common identity: control group vs. common ingroup identity) design. A brief story about doctors and patients fighting disease together was used to improve common ingroup identity. Then we used a questionnaire about competitive victimhood to investigated whether common ingroup identity affected competitive victimhood between doctors and patients. In Study 2A, another group of participants was selected, including 71 doctors and nurses along with 73 patients and their families from three hospitals in Shanghai and Sichuan. Participants underwent the same procedure as in Study 1, then completing the power and moral needs questionnaires. Study 2A aimed to investigate the influence of common ingroup identity on victimhood between doctors and patients, as well as the roles of power and moral needs. To further test the hypothesized model, we selected 54 medical students with hospital internship experience and 54 non-medical students with recent treatment experience in Study 2B, where we activated common ingroup identities using a re-categorization strategy.
The main results were as follows. (1) In Study 1, ANOVA results showed that compared to control groups, groups with common ingroup identity reported lower competitive victimhood , and there was no interaction between group and common identity. (2) Study 2A showed that power need mediated the relationship between common ingroup identity and competitive victimhood. The indirect effect of power need was significant. The moral need was irrelevant to common ingroup identity and is not a mediator. (3) Study 2B reconfirmed the model for doctors but not for the patients group.
Based on the common ingroup identity model, this study proposed and confirmed the applicability of this model in the doctor-patient field in China. Additionally, the study proposed new methods and perspectives on the doctor-patient relationship. In the future, researchers should focus on other mediators, such as empathy and trust in different groups.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-05-26
Abstract：
Associative recognition is generally thought to require recollection while familiarity cannot support it. However, recent studies suggested that familiarity can also contribute to associative recognition when the to-be-associated stimuli are unitized during encoding. Here, we reviewed these studies and concluded that: (1) The effect of unitization on associative recognition was affected by unitization-congruence (i.e. whether the level of unitization were changed from study to test); (2) The effect of unitization on item recognition might be moderated by two factors, one is the semantic relatedness between the old and new words, the other is the limited cognitive resources; (3) There are three possible theoretical explanations for the mechanisms of unitization, namely, the item account, the schema account, and the semantic elaboration hypothesis. In future research, we can not only compare the facilitation effect of different unitization on associative memory but also explore its lifelong development pattern, provided that unitization-congruence needs to be taken into account.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-04-21
Abstract：
When randomly and centrally presenting different numbers on the display and asking participants to classify the probe numbers by pressing specified key of keyboard according to numerical magnitude or parity or numerical other natures, participants invariably respond faster to small numbers with the left key pressing than the right key pressing. However, participants respond faster to large numbers with the right key pressing than the left key pressing. This phenomenon was the spatial-numerical association of the response code (SNARC) effect. Although previous studies believed that the SNARC effect was the product of the spatial representation of numbers in individuals’ brains, it is unclear whether the spatial representation of numbers takes place in individuals’ long-term memory or their working memory. The spatial representation of numbers in long-term memory was caused by individuals’ early cultural experience, especially their reading and writing direction, and even influenced by genetic factors; however, the spatial representation of numbers in working memory was influenced by situational factors such as the provisional order of numbers, cognition tasks, interferential stimuli and was constructed online. When randomly presenting the numbers and other symbols in one experiment and asking participants to classify the numbers and other symbols depending on specific natures, the spatial representation of numbers in long-term memory was not influenced by the randomly presented context. However, the spatial representation of numbers in working memory was influenced by it. Therefore, it can be inferred that the SNARC effect was induced by other spatial representations of numbers in long-term memory or the spatial representation of numbers in working memory in the numbers and symbols randomly presented context.
Therefore, this study randomly presented numbers and letters or Chinese characters and explored the rapid presentation stimulus classification paradigm, in which participants were asked to classify numbers depending on the numerical magnitude and classify letters depending on the letters’ sequence in the alphabet or classify Chinese characters depending on the Chinese characters’ composition among the two experiments to investigate the encoding mechanism of the SNARC effect in processing numbers in the numbers and letters or Chinese characters randomly presented context to reveal whether the SNARC effect was caused by either the spatial representation of numbers in the mental number line of long-term memory, or the spatial representation of numbers in working memory. In addition, both the ratio of numbers to letters and to Chinese characters were manipulated in this study to investigate whether the SNARC effect on processing numbers in interferential situations was moderated by either the ratio of numbers to letters or to Chinese characters. The results show that (1) when both the ratio of numbers to letters were equal, no SNARC effect was captured in the processing of numbers in interferential situations; however, when both the ratio of numbers to letters were “6 to 1” and “1 to 6,” the SNARC effect appeared in the processing of numbers in interferential situations. That is, an inverted U-shaped relationship existed between the alphanumeric ratio and SNARC effect. (2) The inverted U-shaped relationship between the alphanumeric ratio and SNARC effect can also extend to the processing of numbers in mixed number and Chinese character situations.
In conclusion, these results show that (1) randomly presenting the interference stimulus and numbers in one experiment can influence the SNARC effect in processing numbers by task switching. (2) The SNARC effect in processing numbers was moderated by the ratio of numbers to interference stimuli in interferential situations, regardless of the interference stimulus used. These results imply that spatial representations of numbers are constructed online by humans through statistical learning, and the results support the working memory account for the SNARC effect.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2021-02-22
Abstract： "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2020-06-23
Abstract： According to the positive temporal discounting theory and our relevant observations, when faced with future losses, people should, and do, prefer delayed negative events (e.g., deferring paying taxes, debts, or tickets), which can lead to substantial individual and societal costs. However, a counterexample has been identified and it appears to depart from the prediction of positive temporal discounting when faced with negative events. This study proposed and investigated the novel free from care account for the reverse preference. Results of five laboratory and field studies showed that students preferred an immediate negative event (i.e., an English oral exam) when “something tying one up”was imposed, in which coping with a distraction induced by such a situation could play a mediating role. In particular, the addition of“something tying one up” was found to be an effective behavioral nudge in terms of reliability and reproducibility and should be simple for potential users to follow. Specifically, the association between being tied up and undergoing a negative event immediately in the present studies mirrored the association between outgroup threat and intergroup cooperation in the Robbers Cave experiment.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2020-03-01
Abstract： The event-related potential (ERP) technique was used to investigate whether there are different neural responses to musical emotion when the same melodies are presented in the voice and instrumental timbre such as the violin. With a crossmodal affective priming paradigm, target faces were primed by affectively congruent or incongruent vocal and instrumental music. Participants were asked to judge whether the prime-target pair was affectively congruent or incongruent. The results revealed a larger late positive component (LPC) at the time window of 473~677 ms in response to affectively incongruent versus congruent trials in the vocal version, whereas a larger N400 effect at the time window of 281~471 ms was observed in the instrumental version. These results indicate differential patterns of neurophysiological responses to emotion processing of vocal and instrumental music.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Statistics in Psychology submitted time 2019-04-15
Abstract： The recent replication crisis in psychology has motivated many researchers to reform the methods they used in research, reporting effect sizes (ES) and their confidence intervals (CIs) becomes a new standard in mainstream journals. However, a practical tutorial for calculating CIs is still lacking. In this primer, we introduced theoretical basis of CIs of the two most widely-used effect size, Cohen's d and η2, in plain language. The CIs of both Cohen's d and η2 are calculated under the condition that the alternative hypothesis (H1) is true, and both rely on the estimation of non-centrality parameters of non-central distributions by using iterative approximations. More specifically, non-central t-distribution for Cohen's d and non-central F-distribution for η2. Then, we illustrated how to calculate them in R and JASP with real data. This practical primer may help Chinese psychological researchers understand the CIs better and report CIs in their own research. "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-03-21
Abstract： 人类镜像系统被认为是社会认知的重要组成部分。 大脑中线电极诱发的 µ抑制波(包括 α 和 β 频段)是人类镜像系统活动的电生理指标。 尽管音乐情绪表现被认为是通过模仿个 体的心理状态来实现的，但是尚未有研究对此进行探究。 本研究通过 EEG 技术，采用跨通 道情绪启动范式， 探究人类镜像系统是否涉及和弦情绪的自动加工。 愉悦或不愉悦的和弦启动情绪一致与不一致的目标面孔。 行为结果显示，被试对情绪一致面孔的反应显著快于情绪不一致面孔的反应。 EEG 结果显示， 在听觉刺激出现后的 500~650 ms 之间， 与情绪一致条件相比，情绪不一致条件诱发了 β 频段的去同步化。在听觉刺激出现后的 300~450 ms，无论是情绪一致，还是不一致条件，都诱发了 α 频段的去同步化。 源分析结果显示， µ抑制波主要出现在人类镜像系统的核心脑区，即顶下小叶和额下回或前运动皮层。 这些结果表明，音乐情绪的自动加工与人类镜像系统的活动密切相关。
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2019-01-24
Abstract： The question of whether the activation of stereotype is automatic activation (automatic activation) or controlled (inhibition) has been controversial. With the in-depth study, “stereotype activation is a cognitive process which is influenced by many cognitive factors, and the conditional automation process” has attracted more and more attention. Among them, the most discussed factors are category information, prompt clue, directional attention and so on. In addition to, it also involves interpersonal trust, perspective taking, cognitive psychology, imagination, perception of their age and other factors. In recent years, researchers have explained how social categories start stereotyped information from the perspective of perceived conflict. Stereotype information processing can help activate stereotype. So, does stereotype activation affect impression control strategies? When stereotype information is disturbed by other information and even affected by counter stereotyped information, does the stereotype associated with it automatically activate? When the two types of conflict information are subliminal priming, does cognitive control, which regulates the formation of impressions, have an effective inhibitory effect on stereotype activation? In response to these questions, the researchers began to focus on the influence of other people’s visual cues on impression formation to others. These studies controlling the stimulus presentation time and masking stimuli, so that part of the subliminal stimuli presented in the other part, stimuli presented in the above threshold. As a result, we can compare the similarities and differences between the effects of subliminal cues and subliminal cues on cognitive control. Studies have shown that when the participants are initiated by relevant cues, they acquire attributes about a social group in the long-term memory system. This information processing process is a rapid and implicit process of perceptual preparation, which consists of two stages: the social classification based on stereotyped information and the stereotype activation based on the extracted social categories. The two stages of information processing are divided into two parallel processing cognitive systems: the previous stage involves the intentional operating system, and the latter stage relates to the automatic monitoring system. Can the two cognitive systems be regarded as the carriers of active control and reactive control in the whole process of impression formation? At present, few studies have directly related to the relationship between stereotype processing and cognitive control strategies. In view of this, this study assumes that: (1) When there is a perceived conflict stereotype information and counterstereotype information, and the perceptual load is high, the impression formed by the effects of the reactive control to activate counterstereotype; and when the perceptual load is low, the impression formed by the proactive control of the role of prone to stereotype bias. (2) Cognitive control takes a “double-edged sword” model for conflict information of different intensity (stereotyped information vs. counterstereotyped information). That means that when he processing method is controlled by the proactive control of the intentional operating system (the conscious, conscious processing) is performed and when the two classes of information start simultaneously at the threshold, the processing mode is controlled by the reactive control of the automatic monitoring system(the processing of the unconscious and unconscious control). In this study, we used stereotype information and counterstereotyped information as an example and the experimental tasks were divided into two levels: high or low perceptual load or threshold, and subliminal priming by using the word sense Stroop paradigm and masked version of goal priming paradigm. Experiment 1 explored the impression control strategy in the context of conflict between stereotype information and counterstereotyped information perception. Using 2 (perceived load: high vs. low) × 2 (gender specific words and gender attributes word perception: conflict vs. compatibility) mix design. Using word meaning Stroop paradigm of to divided manipulation of perceptual load into two categories: gender traits (target) displayed above the same gender attribute words (such as “grumpy-male”) in the low perceptual load task and gender words each side presents a gender attribute words and are compatible with the gender words or conflict (such as male-grumpy-female) in the high perceptual load task. Experiment 2 explored the conflict information intensity of stereotype information and counterstereotyped information impacted on the impression control strategy. A hybrid design using 2 (conflict information intensity: subliminal priming vs. subliminal priming) × 2 (two types of gender trait words perception: conflict vs. compatibility). Using masked version of the start-target paradigm and affective error attribution program to make a part of other people’s information is shown in subliminal manner, while another part of others’ information is presented in a threshold manner by controlling the presentation time of two kinds of information and masking stimuli. So that we can investigate how the cognitive control strategy of stereotype formation is affected by conflict intensity. In Experiment 1, the dynamic changes of perceptual load determine the individual’s impression control strategy of stereotyped information and counterstereotyped information. The results showed the dynamic change of conflict information intensity and perceived load determines individual’s impression control strategy of stereotyped information and counterstereotyped information. Reactive control consumes less cognitive resources, to make processing of stereotype consistent information more quickly, to make processing of stereotype conflict information more slowly, and to activate counterstereotype easily. On the contrary, proactive control consumes such more cognitive resources as to slower processing of stereotype consistent information, to quicken processing of stereotype conflict information and to prone to stereotype bias easily. In Experiment 2, cognitive control takes a “double-edged sword” model of stereotyped information and counterstereotyped information. When stereotyped information and counterstereotyped information start simultaneously on threshold, the processing mode is controlled by the initiative of the intentional operating system which is the processing of involuntary, unconscious control. And when the two types of information start simultaneously at the threshold, the processing mode is controlled by the automatic monitoring system which is the processing of unconscious and unconscious control. The activation and expression of stereotype are closely related to the monitoring and coordination of cognitive control. In particular, people need stronger cognitive control in their daily life to avoid biased judgments caused by stereotyped information. As the saying goes, “Standers-by see more than gamesters.” Actor/observer effects show that the processing of the impression of others is determined by their own cognitive control mechanism. This phenomenon can be explained by experiment 1 and Experiment 2 respectively. These results indicate that the individual, individuals can flexibly balance among the two cognitive control systems (intentional operating system vs. automatic monitoring system) and adjust their weights (either initiate active control or bias reactive control), thus forming the most favorable impression processing strategy for others. Even under the threshold of perception, individuals can process the impression of others through unconscious cognitive control. According to Gestalt theory, group entity makes stereotyped group impression stereotype by influencing people’s conformity processing of group members’ information. Subsequently, stereotyped group impression has strong social significance because of social factors and group classification. So they can be maintained and strengthened continuously, and eventually become stereotyped. Then, whether group entity is a moderator variable contained in the cognitive control mechanism, and how is it related to cognitive control? In this regard, follow-up studies can further develop the study of the dynamic construction of impression formation cognitive control. "
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract：本研究探讨了歌词对音乐情绪加工的影响。实验1使用情感启动范式, 带有歌词与无歌词音乐片段为启动刺激, 与音乐情绪一致或不一致的面孔图片为目标刺激, 被试任务是既快又准确地判断目标面孔的情绪。结果显示, 无论音乐是否带有歌词, 听者在一致条件下的反应都比不一致条件更快更准确, 这表明听者能加工音乐传达的情绪信息。实验2进一步通过电生理手段探讨歌词影响音乐情绪加工的神经机制。研究结果显示, 尽管听者对带有歌词和无歌词音乐情绪的加工都产生了启动效应, 但是无歌词音乐条件在250~450 ms时间窗口产生了N400效应, 而带有歌词音乐条件在500~700 ms时间窗口诱发了LPC效应, 该结果表明, 歌词影响了大脑加工音乐情绪的时间进程。本研究结果将在一定程度上为音乐与语言关系的探究提供依据。
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment
YES